Working principle and fault handling of CNC machining center

First, the role of the knife

The cutter cylinder is mainly used for the spindle cutter in the machining center machine tool, the CNC milling machine tool automatic or semi-automatic exchange mechanism, and can also be used as the clamping device of the clamp and other mechanisms. The 30# spindle generally uses a 2.0T knife cylinder. The 40# spindle generally uses a 3.5T knife cylinder. The 50# spindle generally uses a 6T knife cylinder.

Second, the working principle of the knife cylinder

The CNC machining center spindle is generally equipped with a cutter cylinder to complete the tool holder installation and replacement. It is a force-enhancing gas-liquid conversion device. The compressed air acts on the piston of the knife cylinder to generate thrust. The cutter head is clamped by the pull cylinder. When the knife is under the knife, the cutter head is loosened and cleaned by means of “blowing”. It is easy to change the knife and realize the action of the mechanical device.

Third, the knife cylinder is common fault in long-term use

1, the knife cylinder electromagnetic valve leaks

1) The air leakage of the silencer is caused by the wear of the seal ring in the valve body or the foreign matter in the valve body, which causes the piston inside the valve to return to the position, and the seal ring can be replaced inside the hair body.

2) The air is leaking at the coil, the seal in the valve body is broken or the valve body screw is loose. Check the valve body fixing screw and replace the gasket.

2. “External leakage” failure occurs at the piston rod of the knife cylinder

1) Check whether the guide sleeve and the piston rod seal are worn, and whether the piston rod is eccentric. If the above situation occurs, replace the piston rod and seal ring to improve the lubrication effect, and use the guide rail.

2) Check the piston rod for scratches and corrosion. If there is any scratch or corrosion, replace the piston rod.

3) Check if there is any impurity between the piston rod and the guide sleeve. If there are impurities, remove the impurities and install the dust seal.

3. “External leakage” failure occurs at the cylinder block and end cap of the CNC machining center.

1) Whether the sealing ring is damaged or not, if it is damaged, replace the sealing ring.

2) Check if the fixing screws are loose. If loose, tighten the fixing screws.

4. When the CNC machining center is hitting the cylinder, “internal leakage (ie, helium on both sides of the piston)” occurs.

1) Check the piston seal for damage. If it is damaged, replace it.

2) Check the piston mating surface for defects. If there is any defect, replace the piston.

3) Check if there is any miscellaneous smoldering sealing surface. If there are impurities, remove it.

4) Check if the piston is stuck. If it is stuck, reinstall the piston. Eliminate the eccentric load of the piston rod.

5. When the CNC machining center is running, the knives and cylinders are ‘stop’.

1) Check if the load is concentric with the axis of the cutter cylinder. If it is not the same, use the floating joint to connect the load.

2) Check whether solid pollutants are mixed in the cylinder. If there are pollutants, it needs to be cleaned, and at the same time, improve the quality of air generated by the air source.

3) Check if the seal inside the knife cylinder is damaged. If it is damaged, it should be replaced.

4) Check the load guiding situation, such as guiding the device to re-adjust the load if the guiding is poor.

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