Ke 'nile ka etsa mechine ka lilemo tse ngata,' me ke sebelitse tse fapa-fapanenglikarolo tsa mochini, likarolo tse phethohanglelikarolo tsa ho silaka lisebelisoa tsa mochini oa CNC le lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng.Kamehla ho na le karolo e le 'ngoe e bohlokoa, 'me ke screw.
Litekanyetso tsa liboutu bakeng sa khokahano ea sebopeho sa tšepe li arotsoe ka limaraka tse fetang 10 tse kang 3.6, 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9, 12.9, tseo har'a tsona liboutu tsa sehlopha sa 8.8 le holimo li entsoeng ka tlase- carbon alloy steel kapa medium-carbon steel and have been heat-treated (quenching, tempering), tse tsejoang ka hore ke liboutu tse matla haholo, 'me tse ling kaofela li bitsoa liboutu tse tloaelehileng.Leibole ea boemo ba ts'ebetso ea bolt e na le likarolo tse peli tsa linomoro, tseo ka tatellano li emelang boleng ba matla a tensile le tekanyo ea tlhahiso ea thepa ea bolt.Ka mohlala:
Moelelo oa liboutu tse nang le boemo ba ts'ebetso 4.6 ke:
Matla a ho sisinyeha ka lebitso a thepa ea bolt a fihla ho 400MPa;
Karolelano ea lihlahisoa tsa thepa ea bolt ke 0,6;
Matla a tlhahiso ea tlhaho ea thepa ea bolt e fihla ho 400 × 0.6 = 240MPa boemo.
Li-bolts tsa grade 10.9 tse matla a phahameng, kamora kalafo ea mocheso, li ka fihla:
Matla a ho sisinyeha ka lebitso a thepa ea bolt a fihla ho 1000MPa;
Karolelano ea lihlahisoa tsa thepa ea bolt ke 0,9;
Matla a tlhahiso ea tlhaho ea thepa ea bolt e fihla ho 1000 × 0.9 = 900MPa boemo.
Moelelo oa boemo ba ts'ebetso ea bolt ke maemo a machaba.Li-bolts tsa boemo bo ts'oanang ba ts'ebetso li na le ts'ebetso e ts'oanang ho sa tsotelehe phapang ea thepa le tšimoloho ea tsona.Ke boemo ba ts'ebetso feela bo ka khethoang bakeng sa moralo.
Seo ho thoeng ke limaraka tsa matla a 8.8 le 10.9 se bolela hore limaraka tsa khatello ea ho kuta liboutu ke 8.8GPa le 10.9GPa.
8.8 Nominal tensile matla 800N/MM2 Matla a tlhahiso ea mabitso 640N/MM2
Liboutu tse akaretsang li sebelisa “XY” ho bontša matla, X*100=matla a bolt ena, X*100*(Y/10)=matla a ho kotula a bolt ena (hobane ho ea ka lengolo: ho fana ka matla/matla a thata =Y/ 10)
Joalo ka kereiti ea 4.8, matla a ho tiea a bolt ena ke: 400MPa;matla a tlhahiso ke: 400*8/10=320MPa.
E 'ngoe: liboutu tsa tšepe tse sa hloekang hangata li tšoauoa joalo ka A4-70, A2-70, moelelo o hlalosoa ka tsela e fapaneng.
lekanya
Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea boholo ba likarolo tsa tekanyo ea bolelele lefatšeng kajeno, e 'ngoe ke sistimi ea metric, 'me likarolo tsa tekanyo ke limithara (m), lisenthimithara (cm), limilimithara (mm), joalo-joalo, tse sebelisoang haholo Asia Boroa-bochabela. joalo ka Europe, naha ea heso, le Japane, 'me e' ngoe ke sistimi ea metric.Mofuta ke tsamaiso ea moemphera, 'me tekanyo ea tekanyo ke boholo ba lisenthimithara, tse lekanang le tsamaiso ea khale naheng ea heso,' me e sebelisoa haholo United States, United Kingdom le linaheng tse ling tsa Europe le Amerika.
Tekanyo ea metric: (decimal system) 1m = 100 cm = 1000 mm
Tekanyo ea inch: (octal system) 1 inch = 8 inches 1 inch = 25.4 mm 3/8 × 25.4 = 9.52
1/4 ea lihlahisoa tse latelang li sebelisa linomoro ho emela bophara ba tsona, joalo ka: 4#, 5#, 6#, 7#, 8#, 10#, 12#
khoele
Khoele ke sebopeho se nang le li-projections tse tšoanang tsa helical karolong ea bokaholimo bo tiileng ba kantle kapa bo kahare.Ho latela litšoaneleho tsa eona tsa sebopeho le ts'ebeliso, e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e meraro:
Tlhale e tlwaelehileng: Sebopeho sa leino ke kgutlotharo, se sebedisetswang ho kopanya kapa ho tiisa dikarolo.Likhoele tse tloaelehileng li arotsoe ka likhoele tse mahoashe le tse ntle ho ea ka molumo oa molumo, 'me matla a khoele a likhoele tse ntle a phahame.
Khoele ea phetiso: Sebopeho sa leino se kenyelletsa trapezoidal, rectangular, sebopeho sa sakha le khutlotharo.
Khoele ea ho tiisa: e sebelisetsoang ho tiisa khokahano, haholo-holo khoele ea phala, khoele e tapered le khoele ea peipi e tapered.
E arotsoe ka sebopeho:
Kereiti e lekanang khoele
Khoele e lekanang ke tekanyo ea ho hlehleha kapa ho tiea lipakeng tsa likhoele tse sekalaneng, 'me tekanyo ea ho lekana ke motsoako o behiloeng oa ho kheloha le ho mamellana ho sebetsang ho likhoele tsa ka hare le tsa kantle.
1. Bakeng sa likhoele tse kopaneng tsa inch, ho na le limaraka tse tharo tsa likhoele tsa likhoele tse kantle: 1A, 2A le 3A, le limaraka tse tharo tsa likhoele tse ka hare: 1B, 2B le 3B, tseo kaofela e leng li-clearance fit.Ha palo ea mophato e phahame, e tiisa le ho feta.Ho khoele ea lisenthimithara, kheloha e bolela feela limaraka tsa 1A le 2A, kheloha ea sehlopha sa 3A ke zero, 'me kheloha ea kereiti ea 1A le 2A ea lekana.Ha palo ea limaraka e le kholoanyane, mamello e nyane.
Lihlopha tsa 1A le 1B, lihlopha tsa mamello tse hlephileng haholo, tse loketseng ho mamellana ha likhoele tsa ka hare le tsa ka ntle.
Sehlopha sa 2A le 2B ke litlelase tse atileng haholo tsa ho mamella likhoele tse boletsoeng bakeng sa li-fasteners tsa mochini oa Imperial series.
Sehlopha sa 3A le sa 3B, se kentsoeng ho etsa se lekanang ka thata, se loketseng lifasetara tse mamellanang ka thata, 'me se sebelisoa ho meralo e hlokolosi haholo ka polokeho.
Bakeng sa likhoele tsa kantle, limaraka tsa 1A le 2A li na le mamello e lekaneng, sehlopha sa 3A ha se na mamello.Mamello ea Sehlopha sa 1A e kholo ka 50% ho feta mamello ea Sehlopha sa 2A, 75% e kholo ho feta ho mamellana ha Sehlopha sa 3A, le mamello ea Sehlopha sa 2B e kholo ka 30% ho feta mamello ea Sehlopha sa 2A bakeng sa likhoele tsa ka hare.Sehlopha sa 1B se seholo ho feta Sehlopha sa 2B ka 50% le 75% se seholo ho feta Sehlopha sa 3B.
2. Bakeng sa likhoele tsa metric, ho na le lihlopha tse tharo tsa likhoele bakeng sa likhoele tse ka ntle: 4h, 6h le 6g, le lihlopha tse tharo tsa likhoele bakeng sa likhoele tse ka hare: 5H, 6H, le 7H.(Mokhahlelo oa ho nepahala ha khoele ea Sejapane o arotsoe ka lihlopha tse tharo: I, II, le III, ’me hangata ke sehlopha sa II.) Ho khoele ea metric, kheloha ea motheo ea H le h ke zero.Phapang ea mantlha ea G ke e nepahetseng, 'me kheloha ea mantlha ea e, f le g e mpe.
H ke sebaka se tloahelehileng se sebelisoang ho mamella likhoele tsa ka hare, 'me hangata ha se sebelisoe joalo ka ho roala holim'a metsi, kapa ho sebelisoa lesela le tšesaane haholo la phosphating.Phapang ea mantlha ea boemo ba G e sebelisoa bakeng sa liketsahalo tse khethehileng, joalo ka liphahlo tse teteaneng, 'me hangata ha li sebelisoe.
g hangata e sebelisoa ho penta seaparo se tšesaane sa 6-9um.Haeba setšoantšo sa sehlahisoa se hloka bolt ea 6h, khoele pele e beoa e nka sebaka sa mamello ea 6g.
Khoele e lekanang hantle e kopantsoe ho H/g, H/h kapa G/h.Bakeng sa likhoele tsa li-fasteners tse hloekisitsoeng tse kang liboutu le linate, tekanyetso e khothalletsa ho lekana ha 6H / 6g.
3. Ho tšoaea likhoele
Mekhahlelo e ka sehloohong ea li-geometric tsa likhoele tsa ho itlama le ho itšeha
1. Bophara bo boholo/leino ka ntle (d1): Ke bophara ba moqomo o inahaneloang moo likhoele tsa khoele li kopanang teng.Bophara bo boholo ba khoele ha e le hantle bo emela bophara ba khoele ka lebitso.
2. Bophara bo bonyenyane/ bophara ba motso (d2): Ke bophara ba silindara e inahaneloang moo khoele e ka tlaase e kopanang teng.
3. Sebaka sa meno (p): Ke sebaka sa axial pakeng tsa meno a bapileng a tsamaellanang le lintlha tse peli bohareng ba meridian.Tsamaisong ea borena, sebaka sa leino se bontšoa ke palo ea meno ka inch (25.4mm).
Se latelang ke lethathamo la litlhaloso tse tloaelehileng tsa leino la meno (metric system) le palo ea meno (imperial system)
1) Meno a itšebetsang ka metric:
Litlhaloso: S T1.5, S T1.9, S T2.2, S T2.6, S T2.9, S T3.3, S T3.5, S T3.9, S T4.2, S T4. 8, S T5.5, S T6.3, S T8.0, S T9.5
Phatlalatso: 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9, 1.1, 1.3, 1.3, 1.3, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 1.8, 2.1, 2.1
2) Meno a Imperial a ho ikotla:
Litlhaloso: 4#, 5#, 6#, 7#, 8#, 10#, 12#, 14#
Palo ea meno: AB meno 24, 20, 20, 19, 18, 16, 14, 14
Meno a 24, 20, 18, 16, 15, 12, 11, 10
Nako ea poso: Feb-02-2023