Kodi mumamvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa kulekerera kwa geometric mu makina a CNC?
Mafotokozedwe a kulolerana kwa ma geometric ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamakina a CNC, chifukwa amatsimikizira kupanga kolondola kwa zigawo.Kulekerera kwa geometric ndikosiyana komwe kungapangidwe mu kukula, mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe ndi malo a chinthu pa chidutswa.Zosiyanasiyana izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa gawolo.
Kulekerera kwa geometric kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina a CNC pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Dimensional control:
Kulekerera kwa geometric kumalola kuwongolera bwino kukula ndi kukula kwa zida zamakina.Imawonetsetsa kuti mbali zonse zikugwirizana bwino ndikugwira ntchito yomwe akufuna.
Kuwongolera Fomu:
Kulekerera kwa Geometric kumawonetsetsa kuti mawonekedwe omwe amafunidwa ndi ma contour amakwaniritsidwa pazinthu zamakina.Ndikofunikira pazigawo zomwe zikufunika kusonkhanitsa, kapena kukhala ndi zofunikira zenizeni zokweretsa.
Kuwongolera Kowongolera:
Kulekerera kwa geometric kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira kuwongolera kwamakona azinthu monga mabowo, mipata ndi malo.Ndikofunikira makamaka pazigawo zomwe zimafuna kulondola molondola kapena ziyenera kukwanirana bwino ndi mbali zina.
Kulekerera kwa Geometric:
Kulekerera kwa geometric ndi zopatuka zomwe zitha kupangidwa potengera mawonekedwe pa chinthu.Zimatsimikizira kuti zofunikira za gawo zimayikidwa molondola pokhudzana ndi wina ndi mzake, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zigwire ntchito moyenera komanso kusonkhana.
Kuwongolera Mbiri:
Kulekerera kwa Geometric kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera mawonekedwe onse ndi mbiri yazinthu zovuta monga ma curve, ma contour ndi malo.Izi zimatsimikizira kuti zida zamakina zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zambiri.
Control of Concentricity & Symmetry:
Kulekerera kwa ma geometric kumatenga gawo lofunikira pakukwaniritsa kukhazikika & symmetry pazinthu zamakina.Ndikofunikira kwambiri pakugwirizanitsa zinthu zozungulira monga ma shafts, magiya ndi ma bearings.
Kuwongolera kothamanga:
Kulekerera kwa geometric kumatanthawuza kusiyanasiyana kololedwa pakuwongoka ndi kuzungulira kwa kuzunguliracnc anatembenuza magawo.Zapangidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikuyenda bwino ndikuchepetsa kugwedezeka ndi zolakwika.
Ngati sitikumvetsetsa kulolerana kwa geometric pazithunzi zomwe zimapangidwira, ndiye kuti kusanthula kwadongosolo kudzakhala kozimitsa ndipo zotsatira za kukonza zitha kukhala zazikulu.Gome ili lili ndi chizindikiro cha 14-chizindikiro chapadziko lonse cha geometric tolerance.
1. Kuwongoka
Kuwongoka ndiko kuthekera kwa gawo kuti likhale lolunjika bwino.Kulolerana mowongoka kumatanthauzidwa ngati kupatuka kwakukulu kwa mzere wowongoka weniweni kuchokera pamzere woyenera.
Chitsanzo 1:Malo olekerera mu ndege ayenera kukhala pakati pa mizere iwiri yofanana ndi mtunda wa 0.1mm.
Chitsanzo 2:Ngati muwonjezera chizindikiro cha Ph pamtengo wololera ndiye kuti chiyenera kukhala pamalo ozungulira omwe ali ndi mainchesi 0.08mm.
2. Kusanja
Flatness (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti flatness) ndi mkhalidwe womwe gawo limasunga ndege yabwino.Kulekerera kwa flatness ndi muyeso wa kupatuka kwakukulu komwe kungapangidwe pakati pa malo abwino ndi malo enieni.
Mwachitsanzo, malo olekerera amatanthauzidwa ngati danga pakati pa ndege zofananira zomwe zimasiyana 0.08mm.
3. Kuzungulira
Kuzungulira kwa gawo ndi mtunda wapakati ndi mawonekedwe enieni.Kulekerera kozungulira kumatanthauzidwa ngati kupatuka kwakukulu kwa mawonekedwe enieni ozungulira kuchokera ku mawonekedwe abwino ozungulira pamtanda womwewo.
Chitsanzo:Malo olekerera ayenera kukhala pagawo lomwelo.Kusiyana kwa radius kumatanthauzidwa ngati mtunda pakati pa mphete ziwiri zokhazikika ndi kulolerana kwa 0.03mm.
4. Cylindricity
Mawu akuti 'Cylindricity' amatanthauza kuti mfundo za cylindrical pamwamba pa gawolo ndizotalikirana mofanana ndi olamulira ake.Kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kumaloledwa pakati pa malo enieni a cylindrical ndi cylindrical yabwino kumatchedwa cylinderricity tolerance.
Chitsanzo:Malo olekerera amatanthauzidwa ngati malo apakati pa coaxial cylindrical surfaces omwe ali ndi kusiyana kwa radius ya 0.1mm.
5. Mzere wa mzere
Mzere wa mzere ndi momwe mapindikira aliwonse, mosasamala kanthu za mawonekedwe ake, amasunga mawonekedwe abwino mu ndege inayake ya gawo.Kulekerera kwa mbiri ya mzere ndiko kusiyana komwe kungapangidwe mumzere wa ma curve osakhala ozungulira.
Mwachitsanzo, malo kulolerana amatanthauzidwa ngati danga pakati pa maenvulopu awiri omwe ali ndi mabwalo angapo a m'mimba mwake 0.04mm.Malo ozungulirawa ali pamizere yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe olondola a geometrically.
6. Mzere wa pamwamba
Surface contour ndi momwe malo owumbidwa mwachisawawa pachigawo chimodzi amasunga mawonekedwe ake abwino.Kulekerera kokhotakhota ndikosiyana pakati pa mizere yopingasa ndi mizere yoyenera ya malo osazungulira.
Mwachitsanzo:Malo olekerera ali pakati pa mizere iwiri ya maenvulopu yomwe imatseketsa mipira ingapo yokhala ndi mainchesi a 0.02mm.Pakatikati pa mpira uliwonse uyenera kukhala pamwamba pa mawonekedwe olondola a geometrically.
7. Kufanana
Mlingo wa kufanana ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza mfundo yakuti zinthu zomwe zili mbali imodzi zimakhala zofanana kutali ndi datum.Kulekerera kwa kufanana kumatanthauzidwa ngati kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kungapangidwe pakati pa njira yomwe chinthu chomwe chikuyesedwa chagona ndi njira yoyenera, yofanana ndi datum.
Chitsanzo:Ngati muwonjezera chizindikiro cha Ph patsogolo pa mtengo wololera ndiye kuti malo olekerera adzakhala mkati mwa silinda yokhala ndi mainchesi a Ph0.03mm.
Kuchuluka kwa orthogonality, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti perpendicularity pakati pa zinthu ziwiri kumawonetsa kuti chinthu chomwe chimayezedwa pagawoli chimakhala ndi 90deg yolondola yokhudzana ndi datum.Kulekerera kwa Verticality ndiko kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu pakati pa komwe gawolo limayezedwa ndi momwe zimakhalira ku datum.
Chitsanzo 1:Malo olekerera adzakhala perpendicular ndi cylindrical pamwamba ndi datum 0.1mm ngati chizindikiro Ph chionekera pamaso pake.
Chitsanzo 2:Malo olekerera ayenera kukhala pakati pa ndege ziwiri zofanana, 0.08mm motalikirana, ndi perpendicular mzere wa datum.
9. Kukonda
Kutengeka ndi chikhalidwe chakuti zinthu ziwiri ziyenera kukhala ndi ngodya inayake muzolowera zawo.Kulekerera kotsetsereka ndi kuchuluka kwa kusiyanasiyana komwe kungaloledwe pakati pa kalozera wa gawo lomwe liyenera kuyezedwa ndi kuwongolera koyenera, pamakona aliwonse okhudzana ndi datum.
Chitsanzo 1:Malo olekerera a ndege yoyezedwa ndi malo omwe ali pakati pa ndege ziwiri zofananira zomwe zimalekerera 0.08mm, ndi ngodya ya 60deg ya theoretical ku ndege ya datum.
Chitsanzo 2:Ngati muwonjezera chizindikiro cha Ph pamtengo wolekerera ndiye kuti malo olekerera ayenera kukhala mkati mwa silinda yokhala ndi mainchesi 0.1mm.Malo olekerera ayenera kukhala ofanana ndi ndege A perpendicularly to datum B ndi pakona ya 60deg kuchokera ku data A.
10. Malo
Udindo ndi kulondola kwa mfundo, malo, mizere ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi malo abwino.Kulekerera kwamalo kumatanthauzidwa ngati kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kungaloledwe pa malo enieni okhudzana ndi malo abwino.
Mwachitsanzo, pamene chizindikiro cha SPh chikuwonjezeredwa kumalo olekerera, kulolerana ndi mkati mwa mpira womwe uli ndi mainchesi 0.3mm.Pakatikati pa malo olekerera mpira ndiye kukula koyenera mumalingaliro, poyerekeza ndi ma data a A, B ndi C.
11. Coaxiality (kukhazikika).
Coaxiality ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza mfundo yakuti axis yoyezedwa ya gawolo imakhalabe mumzere wowongoka womwewo wokhudzana ndi axis yolozera.Kulekerera kwa coaxiality ndiko kusiyana komwe kungapangidwe pakati pa axis yeniyeni ndi axis yofotokozera.
Mwachitsanzo:The kulolerana zone, pamene chizindikiro ndi mtengo kulolerana, ndi danga pakati pa masilindala awiri awiri 0.08mm.Mzere wozungulira wa tolerance zone umagwirizana ndi datum.
12. Symmetry
The symmetry kulolerana ndi kupatuka kwakukulu kwa symmetry center ndege (kapena mzere wapakati, olamulira) kuchokera ku ndege yabwino yofananira.Kulekerera kwa ma symmetry kumatanthauzidwa ngati kupatuka kwakukulu kwa ndege yapakati yofananira, kapena mzere wapakati (olamulira), kuchokera ku ndege yoyenera.
Chitsanzo:Malo olekerera ndi danga pakati pa mizere iwiri yofanana kapena ndege zomwe zili 0.08mm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake ndipo zimayenderana ndi ndege ya datum kapena pakati.
13. Circle Kumenya
Mawu akuti circular runout amatanthauza kuti pamwamba pa kusintha kwa chigawocho kumakhalabe kokhazikika pokhudzana ndi ndege ya datum mkati mwa ndege yoyezera yoletsedwa.Kulekerera kwakukulu kwa kuthamanga kozungulira kumaloledwa muzosiyana zoyezera, pamene chinthu chomwe chiyenera kuyezedwa chimamaliza kuzungulira mozungulira mozungulira popanda kuyenda kwa axial.
Chitsanzo 1:Malo olekerera amatanthauzidwa ngati malo omwe ali pakati pa mabwalo ozungulira omwe ali ndi kusiyana kwa radius ya 0.1mm ndi malo awo omwe ali pamtunda womwewo wa datum.
14. Kumenya Kwathunthu
Kutha kwathunthu ndi kuchuluka konse komwe kumathamangira pamwamba pa gawo lomwe layezedwa likamazungulira mosalekeza mozungulira mozungulira.Kulekerera kwathunthu ndikuthamanga kwambiri pakuyesa chinthucho pomwe chimayenda mozungulira mozungulira ma datum axis.
Chitsanzo 1:Malo olekerera amatanthauzidwa ngati malo omwe ali pakati pa magawo awiri a cylindrical omwe ali ndi kusiyana kwa radius ya 0.1mm, ndipo ali coaxial ku datum.
Chitsanzo 2:Malo olekerera amatanthauzidwa ngati malo omwe ali pakati pa ndege zofananira zomwe zimakhala ndi kusiyana kwa radius ya 0.1mm, perpendicular ndi datum.
Kodi kulolerana kwa digito kumakhudza bwanji magawo a makina a CNC?
Kulondola:
Kulekerera kwa digito kumatsimikizira kuti miyeso ya zigawo zomangika zili mkati mwa malire odziwika.Zimapangitsa kuti zigawo zipangidwe zomwe zimagwirizana bwino ndikugwira ntchito monga momwe akufunira.
Kusasinthasintha:
Kulekerera kwa digito kumalola kusinthasintha pakati pa magawo angapo powongolera kukula ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa mawonekedwe.Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pazigawo zomwe zimafunikira kusinthana, kapena zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kusonkhanitsa komwe kumafunika kufanana.
Fit ndi Assembly
Kulekerera kwa digito kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsetsa kuti mbali zitha kusonkhanitsidwa moyenera komanso mopanda msoko.Imalepheretsa zinthu monga kusokoneza, kuloledwa mopitirira muyeso, kusalongosoka ndi kumangirira pakati pa zigawo.
Kachitidwe:
Kulekerera kwa digito ndikolondola ndipo kumalola kuti magawo apangidwe omwe amakwaniritsa magwiridwe antchito.Kulekerera kwa digito ndikofunikira m'mafakitale monga zamlengalenga ndi magalimoto pomwe kulolerana kuli kofunikira.Imawonetsetsa kuti zigawozo zimagwira ntchito bwino komanso zimakwaniritsa miyezo yabwino kwambiri.
Kukhathamiritsa Mtengo
Kulekerera kwa digito ndikofunikira pakupeza bwino pakati pa kulondola, mtengo ndi magwiridwe antchito.Pofotokozera kulolerana mosamala, opanga amatha kupewa kulondola kwambiri, komwe kungapangitse ndalama zambiri posunga magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito.
Kuwongolera Ubwino:
Kulekerera kwa digito kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwongolera kokhazikika popereka zidziwitso zomveka bwino pakuyezera ndikuwunika.zigawo zamakina.Zimalola kuzindikira koyambirira kwa zopatuka kuchokera ku kulolerana.Izi zimatsimikizira kusasinthika kwabwino komanso kukonza kwanthawi yake.
Kusinthasintha kwapangidwe
Okonza amakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwambiri pankhani ya kupangazida zamakinandi kulolerana kwa digito.Okonza akhoza kufotokoza kulolerana kuti adziwe malire ovomerezeka ndi zosiyana, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito ndi ntchito yofunikira.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-17-2023