Menene fa'idodin bayyane na sassan CNC ta amfani da bakin karfe azaman albarkatun ƙasa idan aka kwatanta da ƙarfe da aluminium gami?
Bakin karfe shine kyakkyawan zaɓi don aikace-aikace iri-iri saboda abubuwan da ya dace.Yana da matukar juriya ga lalata, wanda ya sa ya dace don amfani da shi a cikin yanayi mara kyau kamar na ruwa, sararin samaniya, da masana'antar sinadarai.Ba kamar karfe da aluminum gami, bakin karfe ba ya yin tsatsa ko lalata cikin sauƙi, wanda ke ƙara tsawon rai da amincin sassan.
Bakin karfe kuma yana da matuƙar ƙarfi da ɗorewa, kwatankwacinsa da kayan ƙarfe na ƙarfe har ma ya zarce ƙarfin alloys na aluminum.Wannan ya sa ya zama babban zaɓi don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarfi da amincin tsari, kamar mota, sararin samaniya, da gini.
Wani fa'idar bakin karfe shi ne cewa yana kula da kayan aikin injinsa a duka girma da ƙarancin zafi.Wannan halayyar ta sa ya dace da aikace-aikace inda aka fuskanci matsanancin yanayin zafi.Sabanin haka, alloys na aluminium na iya samun raguwar ƙarfi a yanayin zafi mai girma, kuma ƙarfe na iya zama mai saurin lalacewa a yanayin zafi mai tsayi.
Bakin karfe shima tsafta ne kuma mai saukin kai don tsaftacewa.Wannan ya sa ya zama kyakkyawan zaɓi don aikace-aikace a cikin masana'antun likitanci, magunguna, da masana'antun sarrafa abinci inda tsabta ke da mahimmanci.Ba kamar karfe ba, bakin karfe baya buƙatar ƙarin sutura ko jiyya don kula da kaddarorin sa na tsafta.
Kodayake bakin karfe yana da fa'idodi da yawa, ba za a iya yin watsi da matsalolin sarrafa shi ba.
Matsalolin sarrafa kayan bakin karfe sun haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa:
1. Babban ƙarfin yankewa da kuma yawan zafin jiki
Wannan abu yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da mahimmancin damuwa na tangential, kuma yana fuskantar babban nakasar filastik yayin yankan, wanda ke haifar da babban ƙarfin yankewa.Bugu da ƙari, kayan yana da ƙarancin zafi na thermal, yana haifar da yankan zafin jiki ya tashi.Yawan zafin jiki yakan maida hankali sosai a cikin kunkuntar yanki kusa da yankan kayan aiki, yana haifar da saurin lalacewa na kayan aiki.
2. Tsananin wahalar aiki
Austenitic bakin karfe da wasu manyan zafin jiki gami da bakin karfe suna da tsarin austenitic.Wadannan kayan suna da mafi girman hali don yin aiki tuƙuru yayin yankan, yawanci sau da yawa fiye da na yau da kullun na carbon.A sakamakon haka, kayan aikin yankan yana aiki a cikin yanki mai wuyar aiki, wanda ya rage tsawon rayuwar kayan aiki.
3. Sauƙi don tsayawa ga wuka
Dukansu austenitic bakin karfe da martensitic bakin karfe raba halaye na samar da karfi kwakwalwan kwamfuta da kuma samar da high yankan yanayin zafi yayin da ake sarrafa.Wannan na iya haifar da mannewa, waldawa, da sauran abubuwan da suka daɗe waɗanda za su iya tsoma baki tare da rashin ƙarfi na saman.inji sassa.
4. Haɗaɗɗen kayan aiki
Abubuwan da aka ambata a sama sun ƙunshi manyan abubuwa masu narkewa, suna da ƙarfi sosai, kuma suna haifar da babban yanayin zafi.Wadannan abubuwan suna haifar da saurin lalacewa na kayan aiki, suna buƙatar haɓaka kayan aiki akai-akai da sauyawa.Wannan yana haifar da tasiri mara kyau ga samarwa kuma yana ƙara farashin amfani da kayan aiki.Don magance wannan, ana bada shawara don rage saurin layin yankan da ciyarwa.Bugu da ƙari, yana da kyau a yi amfani da kayan aikin da aka kera musamman don sarrafa bakin karfe ko na'urorin zafi masu zafi, da yin amfani da sanyaya cikin ciki lokacin hakowa da bugun.
Fasahar sarrafa sassa na bakin karfe
Ta hanyar bincike na sama game da matsalolin sarrafawa, fasahar sarrafawa da ƙirar kayan aiki masu alaƙa na bakin karfe yakamata ya bambanta da kayan ƙarfe na yau da kullun.Takamammen fasahar sarrafa shi shine kamar haka:
1. sarrafa hakowa
Lokacin hako kayan bakin karfe, sarrafa ramuka na iya zama da wahala saboda rashin kyawun yanayin zafi da ƙananan ma'auni na roba.Don shawo kan wannan ƙalubalen, ya kamata a zaɓi kayan kayan aiki masu dacewa, ya kamata a ƙayyade ma'auni na geometric ma'ana na kayan aiki, kuma a saita adadin yankan kayan aiki.An ba da shawarar hako rago da aka yi da kayan kamar W6Mo5Cr4V2Al da W2Mo9Cr4Co8 don hako waɗannan nau'ikan kayan.
Yankan tono da aka yi da kayan inganci suna da wasu rashin amfani.Suna da tsada sosai kuma suna da wahalar siye.Lokacin amfani da W18Cr4V misali high-gudun karfe rawar soja bit, akwai wasu shortcomings.Misali, kusurwar bangon ya yi ƙanƙanta sosai, guntuwar da aka samar sun yi faɗi da yawa don fitar da su daga cikin ramin cikin lokaci, kuma ruwan yankan ba ya iya kwantar da bututun da sauri.Bugu da ƙari, bakin karfe, kasancewa mara kyau na thermal conductor, yana haifar da ƙaddamar da zafin jiki a kan yanke.Wannan na iya haifar da konewa cikin sauƙi da guntuwar saman gefen gefe guda biyu da babban gefen, yana rage rayuwar sabis na rawar rawar soja.
1) Zane-zanen ma'aunin kayan aiki na geometric Lokacin hakowa tare da W18Cr4V Lokacin amfani da bututun rawar ƙarfe mai sauri na yau da kullun, ƙarfin yankewa da zafin jiki sun fi mayar da hankali kan tip ɗin rawar soja.Don inganta karko daga cikin yankan sashi na rawar soja, za mu iya ƙara vertex kwana zuwa game da 135 ° ~ 140 °.Wannan kuma zai rage kusurwar rake na waje da kuma rage guntuwar hakowa don sauƙaƙe cire su.Koyaya, haɓaka kusurwar juzu'i zai sa gefen ƙuƙumi na rawar soja ya fi girma, yana haifar da juriya mai girma.Sabili da haka, dole ne mu niƙa gefen ƙwanƙwasa na rawar soja.Bayan an yi niƙa, kusurwar bevel na gefen chisel ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 47 ° zuwa 55 °, kuma kusurwar rake ya zama 3 ° ~ 5 °.Yayin da ake niƙa gefen chisel, ya kamata mu zagaye kusurwar tsakanin yankan gefen da saman silinda don ƙara ƙarfin gefen chisel.
Kayayyakin bakin karfe suna da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfin roba, ma'ana cewa ƙarfen da ke ƙarƙashin guntu Layer yana da babban farfadowa na roba kuma yana aiki tuƙuru yayin aiki.Idan kusurwar sharewa ya yi ƙanƙanta, za a ƙara saurin lalacewa na gefen gefen rami, za a ƙara yawan zafin jiki, kuma za a rage rayuwar rawar rawar.Sabili da haka, wajibi ne don ƙara kusurwar taimako daidai.Duk da haka, idan kusurwar taimako ya yi girma sosai, babban gefen ƙwanƙwasa zai zama bakin ciki, kuma za a rage ƙarfin babban gefen.An fi son kusurwar taimako na 12° zuwa 15° gabaɗaya.Domin kunkuntar guntuwar rawar sojan da sauƙaƙe cire guntu, ya zama dole a buɗe madaidaitan guntu a saman gefuna biyu na ɗigon.
2) Lokacin zabar adadin yankan don hakowa, zaɓi na Lokacin da ya zo yankan, wurin farawa ya kamata ya rage yawan zafin jiki.Babban saurin yankewa yana haifar da ƙãra yawan zafin jiki, wanda hakan ke ƙara lalata kayan aiki.Sabili da haka, mafi mahimmancin al'amari na yanke shine zaɓin saurin yanke da ya dace.Gabaɗaya, shawarar yanke shawarar shine tsakanin 12-15m/min.Yawan ciyarwa, a gefe guda, yana da ɗan tasiri akan rayuwar kayan aiki.Duk da haka, idan adadin ciyarwa ya yi ƙasa sosai, kayan aiki za su yanke cikin Layer mai tauri, wanda zai kara lalacewa.Idan adadin ciyarwar ya yi yawa, rashin lafiyar saman kuma zai kara muni.Yin la'akari da abubuwan biyu na sama, ƙimar ciyarwar da aka ba da shawarar shine tsakanin 0.32 da 0.50mm/r.
3) Yanke zaɓin ruwa: Domin rage yawan zafin jiki yayin hakowa, ana iya amfani da emulsion azaman matsakaicin sanyaya.
2. Reaming sarrafa
1) Lokacin reaming bakin karfe kayan, carbide reamers yawanci amfani.Tsarin reamer da sigogin geometric sun bambanta da na talakawa reamers.Don hana toshe guntu yayin reaming da haɓaka ƙarfin haƙoran yanka, yawan haƙoran reamer gabaɗaya ana kiyaye su kaɗan.Matsakaicin rake na reamer yawanci tsakanin 8° zuwa 12°, ko da yake a wasu takamaiman lokuta, ana iya amfani da kusurwar rake na 0° zuwa 5° don cimma nasarar reaming mai sauri.Gabaɗaya kusurwar sharewa yana kusa da 8 ° zuwa 12 °.
An zaɓi babban kusurwar raguwa dangane da rami.Gabaɗaya, don ramin ramuka, kusurwar ita ce 15 ° zuwa 30 °, yayin da wanda ba ta hanyar rami ba, yana da 45 °.Don fitar da kwakwalwan kwamfuta gaba lokacin reaming, za a iya ƙara kusurwar karkata da kusan 10° zuwa 20°.Nisa ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 0.1 zuwa 0.15mm.Mai jujjuyawar tafe a kan reamer ya kamata ya fi na talakawa reamers girma.The carbide reamers ne gaba ɗaya 0.25 zuwa 0.5mm / 100mm, yayin da high-gudun karfe reamers ne 0.1 to 0.25mm / 100mm dangane da taper.
Sashin gyara na reamer gabaɗaya shine 65% zuwa 80% na tsawon reamer na yau da kullun.Tsawon ɓangaren silinda yawanci shine 40% zuwa 50% na na talakawa reamers.
2) Lokacin reaming, yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar adadin abincin da ya dace, wanda ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 0.08 zuwa 0.4mm / r, da saurin yanke, wanda ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 10 zuwa 20m / min.Matsakaicin izinin reaming ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 0.2 zuwa 0.3mm, yayin da iznin reaming mai kyau yakamata ya kasance tsakanin 0.1 zuwa 0.2mm.Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da kayan aikin carbide don m reaming, da kuma high-gudun karfe kayayyakin aiki don lafiya reaming.
3) Lokacin zabar ruwan yankan don reaming bakin karfe kayan, jimillar asarar tsarin mai ko molybdenum disulfide za a iya amfani da matsayin sanyaya matsakaici.
3. M aiki
1) Lokacin zabar kayan aiki don sarrafa sassa na bakin karfe, yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da babban ƙarfin yankewa da zafin jiki.Ana ba da shawarar Carbides tare da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da kyakkyawan yanayin zafi, kamar YW ko YG carbide.Don gamawa, ana iya amfani da abubuwan saka carbide YT14 da YT15.Ana iya amfani da kayan aikin yumbu don sarrafa tsari.Duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa waɗannan kayan ana nuna su da ƙarfi da ƙarfin aiki mai tsanani, wanda zai sa kayan aiki ya yi rawar jiki kuma zai iya haifar da ƙananan girgizar ƙasa a kan ruwa.Sabili da haka, lokacin zabar kayan aikin yumbu don yanke waɗannan kayan, ya kamata a yi la'akari da taurin microscopic.A halin yanzu, α / βSialon abu shine mafi kyawun zaɓi saboda kyakkyawan juriya ga lalacewar yanayin zafi da lalacewa.An yi nasarar amfani da shi wajen yanke allunan tushen nickel, kuma rayuwar sabis ɗin sa ya wuce tukwane na tushen Al2O3.SiC whisker-ƙarfafa yumbu kuma ingantaccen kayan aiki ne don yankan bakin karfe ko na tushen nickel.
CBN (cubic boron nitride) ana ba da shawarar ruwa don sarrafa sassan da aka kashe da waɗannan kayan.CBN ya zo na biyu bayan lu'u-lu'u wajen taurin, tare da taurin da zai iya kaiwa 7000~8000HV.Yana da babban juriya na lalacewa kuma yana iya jure babban yanke yanayin zafi har zuwa 1200 ° C.Bugu da ƙari kuma, ba shi da ƙima kuma ba shi da hulɗar sinadarai tare da karafa na rukuni na ƙarfe a 1200 zuwa 1300 ° C, yana sa ya dace don sarrafa kayan bakin karfe.Rayuwar kayan aikinta na iya zama sau da yawa fiye da na carbide ko kayan aikin yumbu.
2) Zane na kayan aiki na geometric na kayan aiki yana da mahimmanci don cimma ingantaccen aikin yankewa.Kayan aikin Carbide suna buƙatar babban kusurwar rake don tabbatar da tsarin yanke santsi da tsawon rayuwar kayan aiki.Matsakaicin rake yakamata ya kasance a kusa da 10° zuwa 20° don ƙera mashin ɗin, 15° zuwa 20° don kammalawa na kusa, da 20° zuwa 30° don kammalawa.Ya kamata a zaɓi babban kusurwar juzu'i bisa tsarin tsarin tsarin aiki, tare da kewayon 30 ° zuwa 45 ° don ingantaccen ƙarfi da 60 ° zuwa 75 ° don rashin ƙarfi mara kyau.Lokacin da tsawon-zuwa diamita rabo na workpiece ya wuce sau goma, babban karkatar da kwana iya zama 90 °.
Lokacin da aka yi amfani da kayan bakin karfe masu ban sha'awa tare da kayan aikin yumbu, ana amfani da kusurwa mara kyau don yankewa, kama daga -5 ° zuwa -12 °.Wannan yana taimakawa ƙarfafa ruwa kuma yana ɗaukar cikakken amfani da ƙarfin matsa lamba na kayan aikin yumbu.Girman kusurwar taimako kai tsaye yana shafar lalacewa da ƙarfin kayan aiki, tare da kewayon 5° zuwa 12°.Canje-canje a cikin babban kusurwar juzu'i yana rinjayar radial da axial yankan sojojin, kazalika da yankan nisa da kauri.Tunda rawar jiki na iya zama mai lahani ga kayan aikin yumbura, yakamata a zaɓi babban kusurwar karkatarwa don rage girgiza, yawanci a cikin kewayon 30 ° zuwa 75 °.
Lokacin da aka yi amfani da CBN a matsayin kayan aiki, ma'aunin lissafi na kayan aiki ya kamata ya haɗa da kusurwar rake na 0 ° zuwa 10 °, kusurwar taimako na 12 ° zuwa 20 °, da babban kusurwa na 45 ° zuwa 90 °.
3) Lokacin da za a kaifafa saman rake, yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye ƙarancin ƙima kaɗan.Wannan shi ne saboda lokacin da kayan aiki yana da ƙananan ƙima, yana taimakawa wajen rage juriya na raguwa na yankan kwakwalwan kwamfuta kuma yana guje wa matsalar kwakwalwan kwamfuta manne ga kayan aiki.Don tabbatar da ƙananan ƙarancin ƙima, ana bada shawara don niƙa a hankali gaba da baya na kayan aiki.Wannan kuma zai taimaka wajen guje wa kwakwalwan kwamfuta manne da wuka.
4) Yana da mahimmanci a ci gaba da yankan kayan aiki da kaifi don rage aikin aiki.Bugu da ƙari, adadin ciyarwa da adadin yankan baya ya kamata ya zama mai ma'ana don guje wa kayan aiki daga yankan cikin Layer mai tauri, wanda zai iya yin mummunan tasiri ga rayuwar kayan aiki.
5) Yana da mahimmanci a kula da tsarin nika na guntu mai fashewa lokacin aiki tare da bakin karfe.Waɗannan kwakwalwan kwamfuta an san su da ƙaƙƙarfan halaye masu taurin kai, don haka ƙwanƙwasa guntu a saman rake na kayan aikin yakamata a yi ƙasa da kyau.Wannan zai sa ya zama sauƙi don karya, riƙewa, da cire kwakwalwan kwamfuta yayin aikin yanke.
6) Lokacin yankan bakin karfe, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da ƙananan saurin gudu da yawan adadin abinci.Don gajiya tare da kayan aikin yumbu, zaɓin adadin yankan daidai yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen aiki.Don ci gaba da yankan, ya kamata a zaɓi adadin yankan dangane da alaƙar da ke tsakanin lalacewa da ƙimar yankewa.Don yankan tsaka-tsaki, ya kamata a ƙayyade adadin yankan da ya dace bisa ga tsarin karya kayan aiki.
Tun da kayan aikin yumbu suna da zafi mai kyau da juriya, tasirin yanke adadin akan rayuwar kayan aiki ba shi da mahimmanci kamar kayan aikin carbide.Gabaɗaya, lokacin amfani da kayan aikin yumbu, ƙimar ciyarwa shine mafi mahimmancin mahimmanci don karyewar kayan aiki.Saboda haka, a lokacin da m bakin karfe sassa, kokarin zaɓar wani babban sabon gudun, babban baya yankan adadin, da kuma in mun gwada da kananan ci gaba, dangane da workpiece abu da kuma batun da inji kayan aiki ikon, aiwatar tsarin stiffness, da ruwa ƙarfi.
7) Lokacin aiki tare da bakin karfe, yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar ruwan yankan daidai don tabbatar da nasara mai ban sha'awa.Bakin karfe yana da haɗari ga haɗin gwiwa kuma yana da ƙarancin zafi mai zafi, don haka yankan ruwan da aka zaɓa dole ne ya sami kyakkyawan juriya na haɗin gwiwa da kaddarorin zafi.Alal misali, ana iya amfani da ruwan yankan tare da babban abun ciki na chlorine.
Bugu da ƙari, akwai ma'adinan mai-free, nitrate-free aqueous mafita samuwa da cewa suna da kyau sanyaya, tsaftacewa, anti-tsatsa, da mai mai illa, kamar H1L-2 roba yankan ruwa.Ta hanyar yin amfani da ruwan yankan da ya dace, za a iya shawo kan matsalolin da ke tattare da sarrafa bakin karfe, wanda ya haifar da ingantaccen rayuwar kayan aiki a lokacin hakowa, reaming, da m, rage kayan aiki da sauye-sauye, inganta ingantaccen samarwa, da kuma mafi girman ingancin aikin rami.Wannan na iya ƙarshe rage ƙarfin aiki da farashin samarwa yayin samun sakamako mai gamsarwa.
A Anebon, ra'ayinmu shine mu ba da fifiko ga inganci da gaskiya, ba da taimako na gaske, da ƙoƙarin samun riba tare.Muna nufin ci gaba da ƙirƙirar kyawawan abubuwajuya karfe sassada microCNC niƙa sassa.Muna daraja tambayar ku kuma za mu amsa muku da wuri-wuri.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-24-2024