ʻO ke ala no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana i ke kila kila

Ke hoʻohālikelikeʻia me ke kila carbon structural kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻohuiʻia nā mea kila kila me nā mea hoʻohui e like me Cr, Ni, N, Nb, a me Mo. ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i kēia mau mea hoʻohuihuiʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi wale i ka paleʻana o ke kila, akā, he ka hopena i nā waiwai mechanical o ke kila kuhiliʻole.No ka laʻana, martensitic kuhiliʻole kila 4Cr13 i ka like kalapona maʻiʻo hoʻohālikelike me 45 medium kalapona kila, akā, ka pili machinability wale 58% o 45 kila;austenitic kuhiliʻole 1Cr18Ni9Ti mea wale 40%, a me austenite-hao ʻO ka metamorphic duplex kuhiliʻole kila he kiʻekiʻe toughness a me ka ilihune machinability.
Ka nānā 'ana i nā wahi pa'akikī i ka 'oki 'oki kino kila:

Ma ka mīkini maoli, ʻoki pinepine ʻia ke kila kila me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā pahi haki a paʻa.Ma muli o ka nui o ka plastic deformation o ke kila kila i ka wā o ka ʻoki ʻana, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka haki ʻana a me ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā ʻāpana i hana ʻia, e hopena i ka paʻakikī o ka hana i ka wā o ke kaʻina ʻoki.I kēlā me kēia manawa e hana ai ke kaʻina ʻokiʻoki i kahi papa paʻakikī no ka ʻoki ʻana aʻe, a hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā papa, a aia ke kila kila i ke kaʻina ʻoki.ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka waena e piʻi a nui aʻe, a hoʻonui ʻia ka ikaika ʻoki pono.

ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka papa paʻakikī o ka hana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikaika o ka ʻoki e alakaʻi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka friction ma waena o ka mea hana a me ka mea hana, a piʻi pū ka mahana ʻoki.Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kila kila he liʻiliʻi thermal conductivity a me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka wela wela, a me ka nui o ka ʻoki ʻana i ka wela ma waena o ka mea hana a me ka mea hana, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ana i ka ʻili i hana ʻia a pili nui i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili i hana ʻia.Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mahana o ka ʻokiʻoki e hoʻonui i ka ʻaʻahu o ka mea hana, e hōʻemi ana i ka crescent o ka maka rake o ka mea paahana, a loaʻa i ka ʻoki ʻoki i kahi āpau, a laila e hoʻopilikia ai i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili o ka mea hana, e hōʻemi ana i ka pono hana a hoʻonui i ka kumukūʻai hana.

Nā ala e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana i ke kila kila:

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma luna aʻe he paʻakikī ka hana ʻana o ke kila kila, a ua maʻalahi ka hana ʻana o ka papa paʻakikī i ka wā e ʻoki ai, a ua maʻalahi ka ʻoki ʻana i ka pahi;ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka haki ʻana o nā ʻāpana i hana ʻia, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka pipili ʻana i ka pahi, kahi e hōʻeha ai i ka ʻaʻahu o ka mea hana.ʻO ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano mea hana kila kila kila kiʻekiʻe e ʻike ai i ka mīkini Titanium, no ka ʻoki ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kila kila, i hui pū ʻia me ka hana maoli, hoʻomaka mākou mai nā ʻano ʻekolu o nā mea paahana, ʻoki ʻana i nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻano hoʻomaha, e ʻimi i nā ala e hoʻomaikaʻi ai. ka maikaʻi o ka hanaʻana i ke kila kila.

ʻO ka mea mua, ke koho ʻana i nā mea hana

ʻO ke koho ʻana i ka mea hana pono ke kumu no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe.ʻAʻole maikaʻi loa ka mea hana no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana kūpono.Inā maikaʻi loa ka mea hana, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i nā koi o ka ʻili o ka ʻāpana, akā maʻalahi ke hoʻopau a hoʻonui i ke kumukūʻai hana.I ka hui pū ʻana me ka ʻoki kila kila, nā kūlana hoʻohaʻahaʻa wela maikaʻi ʻole, ka papa hana paʻakikī, maʻalahi e hoʻopili i ka pahi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, pono e hoʻokō ka mea paahana i koho ʻia i nā ʻano o ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa lole kiʻekiʻe a me ka pili liʻiliʻi me ke kila kila.

1, kila māmā holo kiʻekiʻe

ʻO ke kila kiʻekiʻe ka mea hana kiʻekiʻe me nā mea hoʻohui e like me W, Mo, Cr, V, Go, a me nā mea'ē aʻe.Hiki iā ia ke mālama i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe (ʻoi aku ka HRC ma luna o 60) ma lalo o ka wela kiʻekiʻe i hana ʻia e ka wikiwiki wikiwiki (ʻoi aku ka HRC ma luna o 60).ʻO ke kila kiʻekiʻe ka paʻakikī ʻulaʻula maikaʻi a kūpono i nā mea ʻoki wili e like me nā mea ʻoki wili a me nā mea hoʻohuli.Hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i nā koi o ka ʻoki kila kila.ʻO ke kaiapuni ʻoki e like me ka papa paʻakikī a me ka hemo ʻana o ka wela.

ʻO W18Cr4V ka mea hana kila kiʻekiʻe maʻamau.Mai kona hānau ʻana i ka makahiki 1906, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea hana like ʻole e hoʻokō i nā pono o ka ʻoki.Eia nō naʻe, me ka hoʻomaikaʻi mau ʻana o nā waiwai mechanical o nā mea like ʻole e hana ʻia nei, ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea hana W18Cr4V ke hoʻokō hou i nā koi hoʻoili o nā mea paʻakikī.Hānau ʻia ke kila kiʻekiʻe o ka cobalt kiʻekiʻe i kēlā me kēia manawa.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kila kiʻekiʻe maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kila kiʻekiʻe o ka cobalt, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ʻulaʻula a me ka hilinaʻi o ka hoʻohana.He kūpono ia no ka hoʻoponopono kiʻekiʻe resection rate a me ka ʻoki ʻoki ʻia.ʻO nā māka maʻamau ʻo W12Cr4V5Co5.

2, hao hao paakiki

ʻO ka carbide Cemented he mea hao pauka i hana ʻia me ka carbide metala refractory kiʻekiʻe (WC, TiC) micron-sized pauka a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka cobalt a i ʻole nickel a i ʻole molybdenum i loko o ka umu ahi a i ʻole ka umu hoʻemi hydrogen.huahana.ʻO ka carbide Cemented he pūʻulu o nā waiwai maikaʻi e like me ka ikaika maikaʻi a me ka paʻakikī, ke kūpaʻa wela, ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu, ka pale ʻana a me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe.ʻAʻole hoʻololi ʻia ʻo ia ma kahi mahana o 500 ° C, a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe ma 1000 ° C, a kūpono no ka ʻoki ʻana i nā mea paʻakikī i ka mīkini e like me ke kila kila a me ke kila wela.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana paʻakikī maʻamau i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: YG (tungsten-cobalt-based cemented carbide), YT-based (tungsten-titanium-cobalt-based), YW-based (tungsten-titanium-tantalum (铌)), i loaʻa. haku mele like ole.ʻOkoʻa loa ka hoʻohana ʻana.I waena o lākou, ʻo YG type hard alloys he paʻakikī maikaʻi a me ka conductivity thermal maikaʻi, a hiki ke koho ʻia kahi kihi rake nui, i kūpono no ka ʻoki ʻana i ke kila kila.
ʻO ka lua, ke koho ʻana i ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ʻāpana geometric o nā mea kila kila

ʻO ka angle rake γo: hui pū ʻia me nā ʻano o ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka paʻakikī maikaʻi, a paʻakikī hoʻi e ʻoki ʻia i ka wā ʻoki.Ma lalo o ke kumu o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka ikaika o ka pahi, pono ke koho ʻia kahi kihi rake nui, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka deformation plastic o ka mea mīkini.Hoʻemi pū ia i ka mahana ʻoki a me ka ikaika ʻoki ʻana i ka wā e hōʻemi ana i ka hana o nā papa paʻakikī.

ʻO ke kihi hope αo: ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kihi hope e hoʻemi i ka hakakā ma waena o ka ʻili i hana ʻia a me ka ʻaoʻao, akā e emi pū ana ka hiki ke hoʻopau wela a me ka ikaika o ka ʻoki ʻoki.ʻO ka nui o ke kihi hope e pili ana i ka mānoanoa ʻoki.Ke nui ka mānoanoa o ka ʻokiʻoki, pono ke koho ʻia kahi kihi hope liʻiliʻi.

Hiki ke hoʻonui i ka lōʻihi o ka hana o ka lau, ʻo ka angle declination kr, ka angle declination k'r, a me ka angle declination kr, he mea pono i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wela, akā hoʻonui i ka ikaika radial i ka wā e ʻoki ai a hiki i ka haʻalulu.ʻO ka nui o ka kr waiwai he 50. °～90°, inā ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻoʻoleʻa o ka mīkini, hiki ke hoʻonui pono ʻia.Lawe ʻia ka hoʻoemi lua ma ke ʻano he k'r = 9° a 15°.

ʻO ka ʻāʻī inclination ʻo λs: I mea e hoʻonui ai i ka ikaika o ka piko, ʻo ka huina o ka lau inclination maʻamau λs = 7 ° ~ -3 °.
ʻO ke kolu, ke koho ʻana i ka ʻoki ʻana i ka wai a me ke anuanu

Ma muli o ka machinability maikaʻi ʻole o ke kila kila, aia nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka hoʻoluʻu, lubrication, ke komo ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka hana ʻoki ʻana.ʻO nā wai ʻokiʻoki maʻamau i loaʻa nā ʻano penei:

Emulsion: He ʻano hoʻoluʻu maʻamau me ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me nā waiwai lubrication.Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka roughing stainless steel.

ʻAila Sulfurized: Hiki iā ia ke hana i ka sulfide helu hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe ma ka ʻili metala i ka wā e ʻoki ai, a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka haki ʻana i ka wela kiʻekiʻe.Loaʻa iā ia ka hopena lubricating maikaʻi a loaʻa kekahi hopena hoʻomaha.Hoʻohana maʻamau ia no ka wili ʻana, reaming a me ka paʻi ʻana.

ʻO ka aila mineral e like me ka ʻaila ʻenekini a me ka ʻaila spindle: He maikaʻi kāna hana lubricating, akā maikaʻi ʻole ka hoʻoluʻu a me ka permeability, a kūpono no nā kaʻa hoʻopau ʻana i waho.

Pono e hoʻolikelike ʻia ka nozzle wai ʻoki me ka ʻāpana ʻoki i ka wā o ka ʻoki ʻana, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka hoʻoluʻu kiʻekiʻe, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​mea like.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ʻoiai ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka machinability o ke kila kila, loaʻa iā ia nā hemahema o ka paʻakikī o ka hana, ka ikaika ʻoki nui, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopili ʻana, ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka mea hana kūpono, keʻano o kaʻokiʻana aʻO ka nui o kaʻokiʻana, koho i ka mea hoʻomaha maikaʻi, ka noʻonoʻo ikaika i ka wā o ka hana, ke kila kila a me nā mea paʻakikī'ē aʻe e hui pū me ka "blade".