Nzira yekuvandudza kunaka kwesimbi isina tsvina

Zvichienzaniswa nepamusoro-soro kabhoni structural simbi, Stainless simbi zvinhu zvinowedzerwa pamwe alloying zvinhu zvakadai Cr, Ni, N, Nb, uye Mo. Kuwedzera kwezvinhu izvi alloying zvinhu kwete chete kunatsiridza ngura kuramba simbi, asiwo ane mhedzisiro pamagetsi emidziyo yesimbi isina tsvina.Semuyenzaniso, martensitic Stainless simbi 4Cr13 ine yakafanana kabhoni content zvichienzaniswa 45 yepakati kabhoni simbi, asi hama machinability chete 58% 45 simbi;austenitic Stainless 1Cr18Ni9Ti inongova 40% chete, uye austenite-iron Iyo metamorphic duplex Stainless simbi ine kusimba kwepamusoro uye kusasimba kwemachina.
Ongororo yemapoinzi akaoma mune Stainless simbi yekucheka zvinhu:

Mukugadzira chaiko, kucheka simbi isina tsvina kunowanzo kuperekedzwa nekuitika kwemapanga akatyoka uye anonamira.Nekuda kwehukuru hwepurasitiki deformation yesimbi isina tsvina panguva yekucheka, machipisi anogadzirwa haasi nyore kuputswa uye nyore kusungirirwa, zvichikonzera basa rakakomba kuoma panguva yekucheka.Nguva imwe neimwe nzira yekucheka inogadzira chidimbu chakaomeswa chekucheka kunotevera, uye zvidimbu zvakaunganidzwa, uye simbi isina tsvina iri mukucheka.Kuoma kwepakati kuri kuwedzera uye kukura, uye simba rekucheka rinodiwa rinowedzerwawo.

Chizvarwa chebasa rakaomeswa mbiru uye kuwedzera kwesimba rekucheka zvisingadzivisiki zvinotungamira kuwedzera kwekukakavadzana pakati pechishandiso uye workpiece, uye tembiricha yekucheka inowedzerawo.Uyezve, simbi isina tsvina ine diki yekupisa conductivity uye yakashata yekupisa kupisa mamiriro, uye yakawanda yekucheka kupisa inoisa pakati pechishandiso uye workpiece, iyo inoshatisa iyo yakagadziriswa pamusoro uye inokanganisa zvakanyanya kunaka kweiyo yakagadziriswa.Uyezve, kuwedzera kwekushisa kwekucheka kuchawedzera kupfeka kwechishandiso, zvichikonzera crescent yerake chiso chechishandiso, uye kucheka kumucheto kuchava nemukaha, zvichikanganisa kunaka kweiyo workpiece, kuderedza kushanda kwekushanda uye kuwedzera mutengo wekugadzira.

Nzira dzekuvandudza kunaka kweStainless steel processing:

Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva pamusoro apa kuti kushandiswa kwesimbi isina tsvina kwakaoma, uye chidimbu chakaoma chinogadzirwa nyore nyore panguva yekucheka, uye banga rinoputika nyore nyore;machipisi anogadzirwa haasi nyore kuputswa, zvichikonzera kunamatira kwebanga, izvo zvinowedzera kupera kwechishandiso.Kugadzira marudzi ese emhando yepamusoro-yemhando yesimbi isina tsvina workpieces kuona Titanium michina, yekucheka maitiro esimbi isina tsvina, yakasanganiswa neiyo chaiyo kugadzirwa, isu tinotanga kubva kune matatu maficha ezvishandiso zvekushandisa, kucheka paramita uye nzira dzekutonhora, kutsvaga nzira dzekuvandudza. kunaka kwekugadzirwa kwesimbi isina tsvina.

Kutanga, kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvekushandisa

Kusarudza chishandiso chakakodzera ndicho hwaro hwekugadzira zvikamu zvemhando yepamusoro.Chishandiso chacho chakashata zvikuru kuti chigadzirise zvikamu zvinokodzera.Kana chishandiso chakanyanya kunaka, chinogona kusangana nemhando yepamusoro zvinodiwa zvechikamu, asi zviri nyore kutambisa uye kuwedzera mutengo wekugadzira.Mukubatana nesimbi isina tsvina yekucheka, yakashata kupisa kupisa mamiriro, basa rakaomeswa layer, nyore kubatika banga, nezvimwewo, iyo yakasarudzwa mudziyo wemidziyo inofanirwa kusangana nehunhu hwekupisa kupisa kwakanaka, kushomeka kwepamusoro uye kushamwaridzana kudiki nesimbi isina tsvina.

1, high speed simbi

High-speed simbi isimbi yepamusoro-alloy simbi ine alloy zvinhu zvakadai seW, Mo, Cr, V, Go, etc. Iine maitiro akanaka ekushanda, simba rakanaka uye kuoma, uye kupikisa kwakasimba kuvhunduka uye kudengenyeka.Inogona kuchengetedza kuoma kwepamusoro (HRC ichiri pamusoro pe60) pasi pekupisa kukuru kunogadzirwa nekucheka-kumhanya (HRC ichiri pamusoro pe60).Simbi yepamusoro-soro ine kuomarara kwakatsvuka kwakanaka uye inokodzera kucheka cheka semagayo ekucheka uye maturusi ekutenderedza.Inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekucheka simbi isina tsvina.Kucheka nharaunda yakadai seyakaomeswa layer uye yakashata yekupisa kupisa.

W18Cr4V ndiyo yakajairika yakanyanya kumhanya simbi chishandiso.Kubva pakuzvarwa kwayo muna 1906, yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mumaturusi akasiyana siyana kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekucheka.Nekudaro, nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza kwemakanika zvinhu zvezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zviri kugadziriswa, maturusi eW18Cr4V haachakwanise kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekugadzirisa zvezvinhu zvakaoma.High-performance cobalt high-speed simbi inoberekwa nguva nenguva.Kuenzaniswa nesimbi yakajairwa yakakwira-kumhanya, cobalt yakakwira-kumhanya simbi ine nani kupfeka kuramba, kuomarara kutsvuku uye kuvimbika kwekushandisa.Inokodzera kukwirisa resection rate kugadzirisa uye kukanganiswa kucheka.Anowanzo shandiswa mamakisi W12Cr4V5Co5.

2, yakaoma alloy simbi

Cemented carbide isimbi yehupfu iyo inogadzirwa neyakaoma-kuoma refractory metal carbide (WC, TiC) micron-sized poda uye yakanyungudutswa necobalt kana nickel kana molybdenum muvira rekutsvaira kana hydrogen yekudzikisa moto.chigadzirwa.Cemented carbide ine nhevedzano yezvakanakisa zvivakwa zvakaita sesimba rakanaka uye kuomarara, kupisa kupisa, kusagadzika kwekupfeka, kushomeka kwekuora uye kuomarara kwakanyanya.Iyo zvakare haina kuchinjika pakudziya kwe500 ° C, uye ichine kuomarara kwakanyanya pa1000 ° C, uye yakakodzera kucheka kwezvinhu zvakaoma-ku-muchina senge simbi isina simbi uye inodzivirira kupisa.Zvakajairwa zvakaoma alloys zvinonyanya kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu: YG (tungsten-cobalt-based cemented carbide), YT-based (tungsten-titanium-cobalt-based), YW-based (tungsten-titanium-tantalum (铌)), iyo ine nziyo dzakasiyana.Iko kushandiswa kwakasiyanawo zvakanyanya.Pakati pavo, YG mhando yakaoma alloys ine kusimba kwakanaka uye yakanaka yekupisa conductivity, uye hombe rake angle inogona kusarudzwa, iyo yakakodzera kucheka simbi isina tsvina.
Chechipiri, kusarudzwa kwekucheka geometric parameters yemidziyo yesimbi isina tsvina

Iyo rake angle γo: yakasanganiswa nehunhu hwekusimba kwepamusoro, kusimba kwakanaka, uye kunetsa kutemwa panguva yekucheka.Pasi pechimiro chekusimbisa simba rakakwana rebanga, hombe yerake angle inofanirwa kusarudzwa, iyo inogona kuderedza deformation yepurasitiki yechinhu chakagadzirwa.Inoderedzawo tembiricha yekucheka uye simba rekucheka uku ichideredza chizvarwa chezvikamu zvakaomeswa.

Kumashure kwekona αo: Kuwedzera kona yekumashure kunoderedza kupokana pakati pemakina epamusoro uye flank, asi kupisa kwekupisa simba uye simba rekucheka kumucheto kuchadererawo.Kukura kwekona yemashure kunoenderana nekucheka kwekucheka.Kana kucheka kwekucheka kwakakura, kona shoma kumashure inofanira kusarudzwa.

Iyo huru declination angle kr, declination angle k'r, uye main declination angle kr inogona kuwedzera kureba kwekushanda kweblade, iyo inobatsira pakupisa kupisa, asi inowedzera simba reradial panguva yekucheka uye rinowanzoita vibration.Iko kr kukosha kunowanzoita 50. °～90 °, kana kuoma kwemuchina kusina kukwana, inogona kuwedzerwa zvakakodzera.Kuderera kwechipiri kunowanzotorwa se k'r = 9 ° kusvika 15 °.

Blade inclination angle λs: Kuti uwedzere simba retip, blade inclination angle inowanzoitika λs = 7 ° ~ -3 °.
Chechitatu, sarudzo yekucheka mvura uye kutonhora kuenda

Nekuda kwehurombo machinability yesimbi isina tsvina, kune zvakakwirira zvinodikanwa zvekutonhodza, lubrication, kupinda uye kuchenesa kuita kwekucheka kwemvura.Iyo inowanzo shandiswa yekucheka zvinwiwa zvine marudzi anotevera:

Emulsion: Inzira yakajairika yekutonhodza ine kutonhora kwakanaka, kuchenesa uye kudzosa zvivakwa.Inowanzoshandiswa musimbi isina tsvina roughing.

Mafuta eSulfurized: Inogona kuumba yakakwira kunyungudika sulfide pane simbi pamusoro panguva yekucheka, uye hazvisi nyore kutyora pakupisa kwakanyanya.Iyo ine yakanaka lubricating mhedzisiro uye ine imwe yekutonhodza maitiro.Inowanzo shandiswa kuchera, kugadzirisa zvakare uye kubata.

Mineral oiri senge oiri yeinjini uye spindle oiri: Iyo ine yakanaka yekuzora kuita, asi ine kutonhora kwakashata uye kupenya, uye inokodzera kunze kutenderera kupedzisa mota.

Mushonga wemvura wekucheka unofanirwa kuenderana nenzvimbo yekucheka panguva yekucheka, kana zviri nani nekutonhora kwakanyanya, kupfapfaidza kutonhora kana zvimwe zvakadaro.

Muchidimbu, kunyangwe simbi isina tsvina ine urombo machinability, ine zvipingamupinyi zvekuomesa basa rakaoma, simba rakakura rekucheka, kuderera kwekushisa kwekushisa, kunamatira nyore, nyore kupfeka zvishandiso, nezvimwewo, asi chero bedzi nzira yakakodzera yekugadzira inowanikwa, chishandiso chakakodzera, nzira yekucheka uye Kuwanda kwekucheka, sarudza iyo yakanaka inotonhorera, kushingaira kufunga panguva yebasa, simbi isina tsvina uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakaoma zvichasanganawo ne "blade" mhinduro.