Txoj kev los txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm stainless hlau ua

Piv nrog cov khoom siv zoo carbon steel, cov ntaub ntawv stainless hlau tau ntxiv nrog cov hlau alloying xws li Cr, Ni, N, Nb, thiab Mo. cuam ​​tshuam rau mechanical zog ntawm stainless hlau.Piv txwv li, martensitic stainless hlau 4Cr13 muaj tib cov ntsiab lus carbon piv nrog 45 nruab nrab carbon steel, tab sis tus txheeb ze machinability tsuas yog 58% ntawm 45 steel;austenitic stainless 1Cr18Ni9Ti tsuas yog 40%, thiab austenite-hlau Cov metamorphic duplex stainless hlau muaj siab toughness thiab tsis zoo machinability.
Kev txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus nyuaj hauv cov khoom siv stainless hlau txiav:

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb machining, txiav stainless hlau yog feem ntau nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tawg thiab nplaum riam.Vim yog cov yas deformation loj ntawm stainless hlau thaum txiav, cov chips generated tsis yooj yim rau tawg thiab yooj yim rau daim ntawv cog lus, ua rau kev ua hauj lwm hnyav thaum lub sij hawm txiav.Txhua lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem txiav ua ib txheej hardened rau tom ntej txiav, thiab cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, thiab cov hlau stainless yog nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem txiav.Lub hardness nyob rau hauv nruab nrab yog tau txais loj thiab loj, thiab qhov yuav tsum tau txiav quab yuam kuj nce.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua hauj lwm hardened txheej thiab qhov nce ntawm kev txiav quab yuam inevitably ua rau muaj kev sib txhuam ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab cov workpiece, thiab txiav kub kuj nce.Ntxiv mus, stainless hlau muaj ib tug me me thermal conductivity thiab tsis zoo cua sov dissipation tej yam kev mob, thiab ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm tej tshav kub concentrates ntawm lub cuab tam thiab lub workpiece, uas deteriorates cov txheej txheem nto thiab heev cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem nto.Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov nce ntawm qhov ntsuas kub yuav ua rau cov cuab yeej hnav hnyav dua, ua rau lub ntsej muag ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm lub cuab yeej, thiab txiav ntug yuav muaj qhov sib txawv, yog li cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm, txo cov haujlwm ua haujlwm thiab ua kom cov khoom zoo. tus nqi tsim khoom.

Txoj hauv kev los txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm stainless hlau ua:

Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov saum toj no tias kev ua cov hlau tsis huv yog qhov nyuaj, thiab cov txheej txheem hardened tau yooj yim tsim thaum txiav, thiab riam yog yooj yim tawg;cov chips generated tsis yooj yim tawg, uas ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm rab riam, uas yuav ua rau hnyav hnyav ntawm cov cuab yeej.Ua txhua yam ntawm cov khoom zoo stainless hlau workpieces los txheeb xyuas titanium machinery, rau kev txiav cov yam ntxwv ntawm stainless hlau, ua ke nrog cov khoom siv tiag tiag, peb pib los ntawm peb yam ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam, txiav tsis thiab txias txoj kev, nrhiav txoj hauv kev los txhim kho. qhov zoo ntawm stainless hlau ua.

Ua ntej, xaiv cov khoom siv

Xaiv cov cuab yeej tsim nyog yog lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov khoom zoo.Cov cuab yeej phem dhau los ua cov khoom tsim nyog.Yog tias lub cuab yeej zoo dhau lawm, nws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm qhov zoo ntawm qhov, tab sis nws yooj yim rau nkim thiab nce tus nqi tsim khoom.Ua ke nrog stainless hlau txiav, tsis zoo cua sov dissipation tej yam kev mob, ua hauj lwm hardened txheej, yooj yim rau lo riam, thiab lwm yam., cov khoom siv xaiv yuav tsum tau raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm zoo tshav kub tsis kam, siab hnav tsis kam thiab me me affinity nrog stainless hlau.

1, siab ceev steel

High-speed steel yog cov cuab yeej high-alloy steel nrog cov ntsiab lus alloy xws li W, Mo, Cr, V, Go, thiab lwm yam. Nws muaj cov txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo, lub zog zoo thiab tawv, thiab muaj zog tiv thaiv kev poob siab thiab kev co.Nws muaj peev xwm tuav tau siab hardness (HRC tseem siab tshaj 60) nyob rau hauv high tshav kub generated los ntawm high-ceev txiav (HRC tseem siab tshaj 60).High-speed steel muaj zoo xim liab thiab yog haum rau milling cutters xws li milling cutters thiab tig cov cuab yeej.Nws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm stainless hlau txiav.Txiav ib puag ncig xws li hardened txheej thiab tsis zoo cua sov dissipation.

W18Cr4V yog cov cuab yeej siv ceev tshaj plaws.Txij li thaum nws yug los hauv 1906, nws tau siv dav hauv ntau yam cuab yeej kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev txiav.Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv tau ua tiav, W18Cr4V cov cuab yeej tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj.High-performance cobalt high-speed steel yog yug los ntawm lub sijhawm.Piv nrog rau cov high-speed steel zoo tib yam, cobalt high-speed steel muaj zoo hnav tsis kam, liab hardness thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev siv.Nws yog tsim rau siab resection tus nqi ua thiab cuam tshuam txiav.Cov qib siv feem ntau yog W12Cr4V5Co5.

2, nyuaj alloy steel

Cemented carbide yog cov hmoov metallurgy uas yog ua los ntawm high-hardness refractory hlau carbide (WC, TiC) micron-loj hmoov thiab sintered nrog cobalt los yog npib tsib xee los yog molybdenum nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum los yog ib tug hydrogen txo qhov cub.khoom.Cemented carbide muaj cov khoom zoo heev xws li lub zog zoo thiab tawv, kub tsis kam, hnav tsis kam, corrosion kuj thiab siab hardness.Nws tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub ntawm 500 ° C, thiab tseem muaj qhov hardness siab ntawm 1000 ° C, thiab tsim nyog rau kev txiav cov khoom siv tshuab nyuaj xws li cov hlau tsis muaj steel thiab cov hlau tsis muaj cua sov.Cov alloys nyuaj feem ntau muab faib ua peb pawg: YG (tungsten-cobalt-based cemented carbide), YT-based (tungsten-titanium-cobalt-based), YW-based (tungsten-titanium-tantalum (铌)), uas muaj sib txawv compositions.Kev siv kuj txawv heev.Ntawm lawv, YG hom tawv alloys muaj zoo toughness thiab zoo thermal conductivity, thiab ib tug loj rake lub kaum sab xis xaiv, uas yog haum rau txiav stainless hlau.
Thib ob, kev xaiv ntawm kev txiav geometric tsis ntawm stainless hlau cov cuab yeej

Lub kaum sab xis γo: ua ke nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog siab, zoo toughness, thiab nyuaj rau txiav tawm thaum txiav.Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog txaus ntawm riam, yuav tsum xaiv lub kaum sab xis loj, uas tuaj yeem txo cov yas deformation ntawm cov khoom siv machined.Nws kuj txo qhov kub thiab txiav quab yuam thaum txo cov tiam ntawm hardened txheej.

Rov qab lub kaum sab xis αo: Kev nce lub kaum sab nraub qaum yuav txo qhov kev sib txhuam ntawm cov tshuab ua haujlwm thiab cov flank, tab sis qhov muaj peev xwm ua kom sov thiab lub zog ntawm cov ntug txiav yuav txo qis.Qhov loj ntawm lub kaum sab xis yog nyob ntawm qhov txiav thickness.Thaum lub thickness ntawm txiav yog loj, ib tug me me rov qab lub kaum sab xis yuav tsum tau xaiv.

Lub ntsiab declination lub kaum sab xis kr, lub declination lub kaum sab xis k'r, thiab lub ntsiab declination lub kaum sab xis kr yuav ua rau kom lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm ntawm cov hniav, uas yog zoo rau tshav kub dissipation, tab sis ua rau kom lub radial quab yuam thaum txiav thiab nws yog feem ntau rau kev co.Tus nqi kr feem ntau yog 50. ° ~ 90 °, yog tias lub rigidity ntawm lub tshuab tsis txaus, nws tuaj yeem nce qhov tsim nyog.Qhov thib ob declination feem ntau yog coj li k'r = 9 ° txog 15 °.

Hniav inclination lub kaum sab xis λs: txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho lub zog, lub kaum sab xis ntawm cov hniav feem ntau yog λs = 7 ° ~ -3 °.
Thib peb, kev xaiv txiav cov kua dej thiab txias mus

Vim yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov hlau tsis zoo, muaj cov kev xav tau ntau dua rau kev ua kom txias, lubrication, nkag mus thiab ntxuav kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej txiav.Feem ntau siv cov kua txiav txiav muaj cov hauv qab no:

Emulsion: Nws yog ib qho kev ua kom txias txias nrog zoo txias, tu thiab lubrication zog.Nws yog feem ntau siv hauv stainless hlau roughing.

Sulfurized roj: Nws tuaj yeem tsim cov ntsiab lus siab melting sulfide ntawm cov hlau nto thaum txiav, thiab nws tsis yooj yim tawg ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.Nws muaj cov nyhuv lubricating zoo thiab muaj qee yam ua kom txias.Nws feem ntau yog siv rau drilling, reaming thiab tapping.

Cov roj ntxhia xws li roj cav thiab cov roj spindle: Nws muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo lubricating, tab sis tsis muaj cua txias thiab permeability, thiab tsim nyog rau cov tsheb sib tw.

Lub tshuab txiav cov kua dej yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov chaw txiav thaum lub sijhawm txiav, lossis nyiam dua los ntawm kev kub siab txias, txau txias lossis lwm yam.

Hauv cov ntsiab lus, txawm hais tias cov hlau tsis muaj hlau tsis zoo, nws muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm hnyav, txiav quab yuam loj, tsis tshua muaj thermal conductivity, yooj yim lo, yooj yim hnav cov cuab yeej, thiab lwm yam, tab sis ntev li ntev raws li txoj kev machining tsim nyog pom, cov cuab yeej tsim nyog, txiav txoj kev thiab tus nqi ntawm kev txiav, xaiv qhov zoo coolant, mob siab rau kev xav thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm, stainless hlau thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv nyuaj kuj yuav ua tau raws li "cov hniav" tov.