Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula umkhiqizo we-aluminium

I-Aluminium iyinsimbi esetshenziswa kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi ezinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi, futhi ububanzi bokusebenza bayo zisakhula.Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-700,000 zemikhiqizo ye-aluminium ekhiqizwa kusetshenziswa izinto ze-aluminium.Ngokwezibalo, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-700,000 zemikhiqizo ye-aluminium, futhi izimboni ezihlukahlukene ezifana nemboni yezokwakha nezokuhlobisa, imboni yezokuthutha, imboni ye-aerospace, njll. inezidingo ezahlukene.Namuhla, uXiaobian uzokwethula ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula imikhiqizo ye-aluminium kanye nendlela yokugwema ukucubungula ukuguga.cnc machining ingxenye

Izinzuzo nezici ze-aluminium zimi kanje:
1. Ukuminyana okuphansi.Ukuminyana kwe-aluminium cishe ku-2.7 g/cm3.Ubuningi bayo buyi-1/3 kuphela yensimbi noma ithusi.
2. Ipulasitiki ephezulu.I-Aluminium ine-ductility enhle futhi ingenziwa ibe yimikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ngezindlela zokucubungula ingcindezi njenge-extrusion nokwelula.
3. Ukumelana nokugqwala.I-Aluminium iyinsimbi enecala elibi kakhulu, futhi ifilimu ye-oxide evikelayo izokwakhiwa phezulu ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo noma i-anodizing, futhi inokumelana nokugqwala okungcono kakhulu kunensimbi.
4, kulula ukuqinisa.I-aluminium ehlanzekile ayinamandla kakhulu, kodwa inganyuswa nge-anodizing.
5. Ukwelashwa kwendawo okulula.Ukwelapha okungaphezulu kungathuthukisa noma kuguqule izici ezingaphezulu ze-aluminium.Inqubo ye-aluminium anodizing ivuthiwe impela futhi izinzile ekusebenzeni, futhi isetshenziswe kabanzi ekucutshungulweni kwemikhiqizo ye-aluminium.
6. I-conductivity enhle futhi kulula ukuyigaya kabusha.
Ukucubungula ubuchwepheshe bemikhiqizo ye-aluminium
Ukubhoboza kwemikhiqizo ye-aluminium
1. Isibhakela esibandayo
Sebenzisa ama-pellets e-aluminium.Umshini we-extrusion kanye nokufa kusetshenziselwa ukubunjwa kwesikhathi esisodwa, okulungele imikhiqizo ye-cylindrical noma izimo zomkhiqizo okunzima ukuzithola ngenqubo yokwelula, njengemikhiqizo e-oval, isikwele, kanye ne-rectangular.
I-tonnage yomshini osetshenzisiwe ihlobene nendawo ehlukanisayo yomkhiqizo.Igebe phakathi kwe-die punch ephezulu kanye nensimbi ephansi ye-die tungsten ubukhulu bodonga lomkhiqizo.Lapho i-punch ye-die punch kanye nensimbi ye-die tungsten ephansi kucindezelwa ndawonye, ​​igebe eliqondile enkabeni ephansi efile Ngobukhulu obuphezulu bomkhiqizo.ingxenye ye-aluminium

Izinzuzo: Umjikelezo wokuvula isikhunta mfushane, futhi izindleko zokuthuthukiswa ziphansi kunalezo zesikhunta sokudweba.
Ukungalungi: Inqubo yokukhiqiza yinde, usayizi womkhiqizo ushintshashintsha kakhulu kule nqubo, futhi izindleko zabasebenzi ziphezulu.
2. Ukuzelula
Sebenzisa isikhumba se-aluminium esibonakalayo.Ilungele imizimba engeyona i-cylindrical (imikhiqizo ye-aluminium enemikhiqizo egobile) ukuthi ikhubazeke izikhathi eziningi ngokusebenzisa imishini yokufa eqhubekayo kanye nesikhunta ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomumo.
Izinzuzo: imikhiqizo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi eminingi yokuguqulwa inokulawula okuzinzile kwe-dimensional enqubweni yokukhiqiza, futhi indawo yomkhiqizo iyashelela.
Ukungalungi: izindleko zesikhunta eziphezulu, umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa omude, kanye nezidingo eziphezulu zokukhethwa komshini nokunemba.
Ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwemikhiqizo ye-aluminium
1. Ukuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi (ukuchama)
Inqubo yokuhlanza nokuqinisa izindawo zensimbi kusetshenziswa umthelela wokugeleza kwesihlabathi esinesivinini esikhulu.
Ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwezingxenye ze-aluminium kule ndlela kungathola izinga elithile lokuhlanzeka kanye nobulukhuni obuhlukile ebusweni be-workpiece, ukuze izakhiwo zemishini yobuso be-workpiece zithuthukiswe, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokukhathala kwe-workpiece nokwanda. igebe phakathi kwayo nokunameka.Ukunamathela kwe-coating kwandisa ukuqina kwefilimu yokugqoka, futhi kubuye kuhambisane nokulingana nokuhlobisa kokugqoka.Le nqubo sivame ukuyibona emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene ye-Apple.
2. Ukupholisha
Ukusebenzisa umshini, amakhemikhali noma isenzo se-electrochemical ukunciphisa ubulukhuni obungaphezulu bomsebenzi ukuze uthole indlela yokucubungula indawo ekhanyayo, eyisicaba.Inqubo yokupholishwa ihlukaniswe ikakhulukazi: ukupholisha ngomshini, ukupholishwa kwamakhemikhali, ukupholisha nge-electrolytic.Ngemva kokupholisha ngomshini + ukupholisha nge-electrolytic, izingxenye ze-aluminium zingasondela kumphumela wesibuko sensimbi engagqwali.Le nqubo inikeza abantu umuzwa wokulula okuphezulu kanye nekusasa lemfashini.
3. Umdwebo
Umdwebo wocingo lwensimbi yinqubo yokukhiqiza yokukhuhla ishidi le-aluminium ngokuphindaphindiwe emigqeni nge-sandpaper.Umdwebo ungahlukaniswa ngomdwebo oqondile, umdwebo ongahleliwe, umdwebo ovunguzayo, umdwebo wentambo.Inqubo yokudweba izintambo zensimbi ingabonisa ngokucacile lonke uphawu lukasilika oluncane, ukuze izinwele ezicwebezelayo zibonakale ku-metal matte, futhi umkhiqizo unomqondo wemfashini nobuchwepheshe.
4. Ukusika kwe-gloss ephezulu
Ngokusebenzisa umshini wokuqopha, ummese wedayimane uqiniswa ku-shaft eyinhloko yomshini wokudweba ozungeza ngesivinini esikhulu (ngokuvamile i-20,000 rpm) ukuze usike izingxenye, futhi indawo evelele yendawo ikhiqizwa ebusweni bomkhiqizo.Ukukhanya kwezinto ezivelele zokusika kuthintwa ijubane lomshini wokugaya.Ukushesha kwesivinini sokubhoboza, kugqama ukugqama kokusika, futhi okuphambene nalokho, kuba mnyama futhi kube lula ukukhiqiza imigqa yokusika.Ukusika okucwebezelayo okuphezulu kanye nokucwebezela okuphezulu kusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi kumakhalekhukhwini, njenge-iphone5.Eminyakeni yamuva, amanye amafreyimu ensimbi e-TV asezingeni eliphezulu asebenzise inqubo yokugaya ecwebezelayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubo zokudweba i-anodizing nezintambo zenza isethi ye-TV igcwale imfashini nobuchwepheshe.
5. I-Anodizing
I-anodic oxidation ibhekisela ku-electrochemical oxidation yezinsimbi noma ama-alloys.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezihambisanayo ze-electrolyte kanye nezimo ezithile zenqubo, i-aluminium nama-alloys ayo akha ifilimu ye-oxide emkhiqizweni we-aluminium (anode) ngenxa yesenzo se-current esetshenzisiwe.I-anodizing ayikwazi nje ukuxazulula izinkinga zokuqina kwe-aluminium ebusweni nokumelana nokugqoka, kodwa futhi yandise impilo yesevisi ye-aluminium futhi ithuthukise ubuhle.Isiphenduke ingxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa kwe-aluminium ebusweni futhi njengamanje isetshenziswa kakhulu futhi iphumelela kakhulu.umsebenzi wezandla.
6. I-anode enemibala emibili
I-anodizing yemibala emibili isho i-anodizing emkhiqizweni owodwa kanye nokudlulisa imibala ehlukene ezindaweni ezithile.Inqubo ye-anodizing yemibala emibili ayivamile ukusetshenziswa embonini ye-TV, ngoba inqubo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi izindleko ziphezulu;kodwa umehluko phakathi kwemibala emibili ungabonisa kangcono ukubukeka okuphezulu nokuyingqayizivele komkhiqizo.

Izinyathelo zokucubungula kanye namakhono okusebenza ukunciphisa ukuwohloka kokucubungula kwe-aluminium
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuwohloka kwezingxenye ze-aluminium, ezihlobene nezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuma kwengxenye, nezimo zokukhiqiza.Ngokuyinhloko kukhona izici ezilandelayo: ukuguquguquka okubangelwa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kokungenalutho, ukuguqulwa okubangelwa amandla okusika kanye nokushisa okusika, kanye nokuguqulwa okubangelwa amandla okubamba.
Izinyathelo zenqubo zokunciphisa ukuwohloka kokucubungula
1. Yehlisa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kwesiko lezinwele
Ukwelashwa kokuguga okungokwemvelo noma okwenziwayo kanye nokudlidliza kungaqeda kancane ingcindezi yangaphakathi yokungenalutho.Ukucubungula kwangaphambili kuyindlela yenqubo ephumelelayo.Kokungenalutho okunekhanda elinamafutha kanye nezindlebe ezinkulu, ngenxa yemvume enkulu, ukuwohloka ngemva kokucubungula nakho kukhulu.Uma ingxenye eyengeziwe yokungenalutho icutshungulwa kusengaphambili futhi imvume yengxenye ngayinye incishisiwe, ayikwazi nje ukunciphisa ukuguqulwa kokucubungula kwenqubo elandelayo, kodwa futhi ikhulule ingxenye yokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi ngemva kokucubungula kwangaphambili isikhathi esithile. isikhathi.
2. Thuthukisa ikhono lokusika lethuluzi
Izinto ezibonakalayo kanye nemingcele yejometri yethuluzi inethonya elibalulekile emandleni okusika nokushisa okusika.Ukukhethwa okulungile kwethuluzi kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa ukuguqulwa kwe-machining kwengxenye.
1) Ukukhetha okunengqondo kwethuluzi lamapharamitha wejometri.
① I-angle ye-Rake: Ngaphansi kwesimo sokugcina amandla we-blade, i-rake angle ikhethwa ngokufanele ukuthi ibe nkulu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingagaya unqenqema olubukhali, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, inganciphisa ukuguqulwa kokusika, ukususwa kwe-chip bushelelezi, bese unciphisa amandla okusika kanye nezinga lokushisa lokusika.Ungalokothi usebenzise amathuluzi ane-engeli ye-rake engalungile.
②I-engeli yokukhulula: Usayizi we-engeli yokukhulula unomthelela oqondile ekugugekeni kweflank kanye nekhwalithi yendawo esebenza ngomshini.Ubukhulu bokusika kuyisimo esibalulekile sokukhetha i-angle yokususa.Ngesikhathi sokugaya, ngenxa yesilinganiso esikhulu sokuphakelayo, umthwalo osindayo wokusika, kanye nokukhiqizwa kokushisa okukhulu, ithuluzi lidinga izimo ezinhle zokulahla ukushisa.Ngakho-ke, i-angle yokususa kufanele ikhethwe ukuze ibe mncane.Uma ukugaya okuhle, umkhawulo wokusika uyadingeka ukuba ubukhali, ukungqubuzana phakathi kobuso be-flank kanye nomshini womshini kuyancishiswa, futhi ukuguqulwa kwe-elastic kuyancipha.Ngakho-ke, i-angle yokususa kufanele ibe nkulu.
③ I-engeli ye-Helix: Ukuze wenze ukugaya kushelele futhi kunciphise amandla okugaya, i-engeli ye-helix kufanele ibe nkulu ngangokunokwenzeka.
④I-engeli enkulu yokwehla: Ukunciphisa kahle i-engeli eyinhloko yokwehla kungathuthukisa izimo zokulahla ukushisa futhi kunciphise izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi lendawo yokucubungula.
2) Thuthukisa isakhiwo samathuluzi.
①Yehlisa inani lamazinyo esisiki sokugaya futhi wandise isikhala se-chip.Ngenxa yepulasitiki enkulu yezinto ze-aluminium kanye ne-deformation enkulu yokusika ngesikhathi sokucubungula, isikhala esikhulu se-chip siyadingeka, ngakho-ke indawo engaphansi ye-chip groove kufanele ibe nkulu futhi inani lamazinyo okugaya kufanele libe lincane.
② Gaya amazinyo kahle.Inani elibukhali lenqenqema lokusika lamazinyo okusika kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-Ra=0.4um.Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ummese omusha, kufanele usebenzise itshe elicolekileyo likawoyela ukuze ulole kancane ingaphambili nangemuva kwamazinyo ombese izikhathi ezimbalwa ukuze ukhiphe ama-burrs kanye nokusanhlamvu okuncane okusele lapho ulola amazinyo.Ngale ndlela, akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi ukushisa okusika kungancishiswa, kodwa futhi i-deformation yokusika incane kakhulu.
③ Lawula ngokuqinile izinga lokuguga lethuluzi.Ngemuva kokuthi ithuluzi ligqokwe, inani lobunzima bomsebenzi liyakhuphuka, izinga lokushisa lokusika liyakhuphuka, futhi ukuguqulwa kwe-workpiece kuyanda.Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokukhethwa kwezinto zamathuluzi ezinokumelana okuhle kokugqoka, izinga lokugqoka ithuluzi akufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-0.2mm, ngaphandle kwalokho kulula ukukhiqiza unqenqema olwakhiwe.Lapho usika, izinga lokushisa le-workpiece akufanele lidlule i-100 ℃ ukuvimbela ukuguquguquka.
3. Thuthukisa indlela yokubopha ye-workpiece
Ezindaweni zokusebenza ze-aluminium ezinezindonga ezincane ezinokuqina okubi, izindlela zokubopha ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukuwohloka:
①Ezingxenyeni zehlathi ezinezindonga ezincanyana, uma i-chuck enemihlathi emithathu egxile ngaphakathi noma i-spring chuck isetshenziselwa ukuqinisa i-radial, uma isikhishiwe ngemva kokucubungula, ucezu lomsebenzi luzowohloka nakanjani.Ngalesi sikhathi, indlela yokucindezela ubuso bokuphela kwe-axial ngokuqina okungcono kufanele kusetshenziswe.Misa imbobo yangaphakathi yengxenye, yenza i-mandrel ene-threaded, uyifake embotsheni yangaphakathi yengxenye, cindezela ubuso bokugcina nge-cover plate kuyo, bese uyiqinisa nge-nati.Lapho kwenziwa umshini umbuthano wangaphandle, ukuguqulwa kwe-clamping kungagwenywa, ukuze kutholwe ukunemba okwanelisayo kwemishini.
② Lapho ucubungula ama-workpieces anezindonga ezincane nezincane, kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa izinkomishi zokumunca i-vacuum ukuze uthole amandla okubamba asakazwa ngokulinganayo, bese ucubungula ngenani elincane lokusika, elingavimbela kahle ukuwohloka kwe-workpiece.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela yokupakisha ingasetshenziswa futhi.Ukuze ukwandise ukuqina kwenqubo yama-workpieces anezindonga ezincane, i-medium ingagcwaliswa ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza ukuze kuncishiswe ukuguqulwa kwe-workpiece ngesikhathi sokubopha nokusika.Isibonelo, i-urea melt equkethe u-3% kuya ku-6% we-potassium nitrate ithululelwa ku-workpiece.Ngemuva kokucubungula, i-workpiece ingacwiliswa emanzini noma utshwala, futhi isigcwalisi singaqedwa futhi sithululwe.
4. Ukuhlelwa okunengqondo kwezinqubo
Ngesikhathi sokusika ngesivinini esikhulu, ngenxa yemvume yomshini omkhulu kanye nokusikwa okuphazamisekile, inqubo yokugaya imvamisa ikhiqiza ukudlidliza, okuthinta ukunemba komshini kanye nokubangwa komhlaba.Ngakho-ke, inqubo yokusika isivinini esikhulu se-CNC ingahlukaniswa ngokujwayelekile ibe: i-roughing-semi-finishing-corner-clearing-finishing nezinye izinqubo.Ezingxenyeni ezinezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu, kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukwenza i-semi-finishing yesibili bese uyaqeda.Ngemuva komshini onzima, izingxenye zingapholiswa ngokwemvelo, kuqedwe ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okubangelwa umshini onzima nokunciphisa ukuguquguquka.Isibonelelo esishiywe ngemva komshini onzima kufanele sibe sikhulu kunokwakheka, ngokuvamile sibe ngu-1 kuya ku-2 mm.Ngesikhathi sokuqeda, indawo yokuqedela yezingxenye kufanele igcine isibonelelo somshini ofanayo, ngokuvamile i-0.2 ~ 0.5mm, ukuze ithuluzi libe sesimweni esizinzile ngesikhathi senqubo yomshini, okunganciphisa kakhulu ukuguquguquka kokusika, ukuthola ikhwalithi enhle yomshini womshini, futhi qinisekisa ukunemba koMkhiqizo.
Amakhono okusebenza ukunciphisa ukuhlanekezela kwemishini
Ngaphezu kwezizathu ezingenhla, izingxenye zezingxenye ze-aluminium zikhubazekile ngesikhathi sokucubungula.Ekusebenzeni kwangempela, indlela yokusebenza nayo ibaluleke kakhulu.
1. Ezingxenyeni ezinesabelo esikhulu semishini, ukuze zibenze zibe nezimo ezingcono zokushisa ukushisa ngesikhathi senqubo yomshini futhi zigweme ukugxila kokushisa, umshini wokulinganisa kufanele wamukelwe ngesikhathi somshini.Uma ishidi eliwugqinsi elingu-90mm lidinga ukucutshungulwa libe ngu-60mm, uma uhlangothi olulodwa lugaywa futhi olunye uhlangothi lugaywa ngokushesha, futhi ubukhulu bokugcina bucutshungulwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukuvuleka kuzofinyelela ku-5mm;uma icutshungulwa ngokulinganayo ngokuphakelwa okuphindaphindiwe, uhlangothi ngalunye lucutshungulwa kabili ukuze Ubukhulu bokugcina buqinisekise ukucaba okungu-0.3mm.ingxenye yokunyathela
2. Uma kunezimbotshana eziningi ezingxenyeni zamapuleti, akufanelekile ukusebenzisa indlela yokucubungula ngokulandelana kwe-cavity eyodwa kanye nomgodi owodwa ngesikhathi sokucubungula, okuzokwenza kalula ukuthi izingxenye zikhubazeke ngenxa yokucindezeleka okungalingani.Ukucubungula kwe-Multi-layer kuyamukelwa, futhi isendlalelo ngasinye sicutshungulwa kuzo zonke izimbobo ngesikhathi esifanayo, bese ungqimba olulandelayo lucutshungulwa ukwenza izingxenye zigcizelelwe ngokulinganayo futhi zinciphise ukuguqulwa.
3. Yehlisa amandla okusika nokusika ukushisa ngokushintsha inani lokusika.Phakathi kwezakhi ezintathu zenani lokusika, inani lokubuyela emuva linomthelela omkhulu emandleni okusika.Uma isibonelelo somshini sikhulu kakhulu, amandla okusika wephasi eyodwa makhulu kakhulu, angeke nje akhubaze izingxenye, kodwa futhi athinte ukuqina kwe-spindle yethuluzi lomshini futhi anciphise ukuqina kwethuluzi.Uma inani lemimese okufanele lidliwe ngemuva lincishisiwe, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuzoncipha kakhulu.Kodwa-ke, ukugaya ngesivinini esikhulu kusetshenziswa kumishini ye-CNC, enganqoba le nkinga.Ngenkathi kunciphisa inani lokusika emuva, inqobo nje uma okuphakelayo kwanda ngokufanele futhi isivinini sethuluzi lomshini sanda, amandla okusika angancishiswa futhi ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula kungaqinisekiswa ngesikhathi esifanayo.
4. Ukuhleleka kokuhamba kommese kufanele futhi kunakwe.Ukwenza imishini enzima kugcizelela ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komshini kanye nokuphishekela izinga lokususa ngesikhathi seyunithi ngayinye.Ngokuvamile, i-up-cut milling ingasetshenziswa.Okusho ukuthi, ukwaziswa okweqile ebusweni bendawo engenalutho kukhishwa ngesivinini esisheshayo kanye nesikhathi esifushane, futhi i-contour yejometri edingekayo ukuze kuqedwe kwakhiwa ngokuyisisekelo.Nakuba ukuqeda kugcizelela ukunemba okuphezulu kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu, kuhle ukusebenzisa ukugaya phansi.Ngenxa yokuthi ubukhulu bokusika amazinyo wokusika buyancipha kancane kancane ukusuka phezulu kuya ku-zero ngesikhathi sokugaya phansi, izinga lokuqina komsebenzi liyancipha kakhulu, futhi izinga lokuguquguquka kwengxenye nalo liyancipha.
5. Ama-workpieces anezindonga ezincane akhubazekile ngenxa yokugoqa ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa, futhi ngisho nokuqeda akunakugwenywa.Ukuze unciphise ukuguqulwa kwe-workpiece ibe ubuncane, ungakwazi ukukhulula ucezu olucindezelayo ngaphambi kokuqeda usayizi wokugcina, ukuze i-workpiece ibuyele ngokukhululekile esimweni sayo sokuqala, bese uyicindezela kancane, inqobo nje uma i-workpiece ingaba. kuboshwe (ngokuphelele).Ngokusho kokuzizwa kwesandla), umphumela omuhle wokucubungula ungatholakala ngale ndlela.Ngamafuphi, iphoyinti lesenzo lamandla okubamba kungcono endaweni esekelayo, futhi amandla okubamba kufanele asetshenziswe ekuqondeni kokuqina okuhle kwendawo yokusebenza.Ngokwesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-workpiece ayikhululekile, i-clamping force encane, ingcono.
6. Lapho ugaya izingxenye ezinembobo, zama ukungavumeli isisiki sokugaya singene singene ngqo engxenyeni efana ne-drill lapho siklama imbobo, okuholela ekubeni kube nesikhala esanele sokusika isigayo ukuze sikwazi ukwamukela ama-chips kanye nokukhishwa kwe-chip okungekuhle, okuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile, ukwanda. kanye nokuwa kwezingxenye.Imimese, imimese ephukile nezinye izigigaba ezingezinhle.Qala ubhoboze imbobo nge-drill enosayizi ofanayo ne-milling cutter noma usayizi owodwa omkhulu, bese uyigaya nge-milling cutter.Kungenjalo, isoftware ye-CAM ingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza izinhlelo ze-helical rundown.