Chidule cha njira zisanu ndi zitatu zopangira ulusi, muyenera kudziwa mukamapanga makina
Mawu achingerezi ofanana ndi screw ndi Screw.Tanthauzo la mawuwa lasintha kwambiri m’zaka mazana aposachedwapa.Osachepera mu 1725, amatanthauza "mating".
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mfundo ya ulusi kungayambikenso ku chida chonyamulira madzi chozungulira chomwe chinapangidwa ndi katswiri wachi Greek Archimedes mu 220 BC.
M’zaka za m’ma 400 AD, mayiko a ku Mediterranean anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya ma bolts ndi mtedza ku makina osindikizira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga vinyo.Panthaŵiyo, ulusi wakunjawo unkakulungidwa ndi chingwe ku cylindrical bar, ndiyeno ankasema motsatira chizindikirochi, pamene ulusi wamkati nthawi zambiri unkapangidwa mwa kumenya ulusi wakunja ndi chinthu chofewa.
Cha m'ma 1500, pachithunzi cha chipangizo chopangira ulusi chojambulidwa ndi Leonardo da Vinci waku Italy, panali lingaliro logwiritsa ntchito screw yachikazi ndi zida zosinthira kuti azitha kukonza ulusi wokhala ndi ma phula osiyanasiyana.Kuyambira pamenepo, njira yodulira ulusi mwa makina yayambika m’makampani opanga mawotchi ku Ulaya.
Mu 1760, abale a ku Britain J. Wyatt ndi W. Wyatt anapeza chilolezo chodulira zitsulo zamatabwa pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera.Mu 1778, British J. Ramsden nthawi ina anapanga chipangizo chodulira ulusi choyendetsedwa ndi nyongolotsi, yomwe imatha kupanga ulusi wautali molunjika kwambiri.Mu 1797, Mngelezi wina dzina lake H. Maudsley anagwiritsa ntchito screw ya akazi ndi zida zosinthira kutembenuza ulusi wazitsulo wamitundu yosiyanasiyana pa lathe yake yowongoleredwa, yomwe idayika njira yolumikizira ulusi.
M'zaka za m'ma 1820, Maudsley adatulutsa matepi oyambirira ndipo amafa chifukwa cha ulusi.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, chitukuko cha makampani opanga magalimoto chinalimbikitsanso kukhazikika kwa ulusi ndi chitukuko cha njira zosiyanasiyana zowonetsera komanso zogwira mtima.Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitu yotsegulira yokha ndi matepi ocheperako okha adapangidwa motsatizana, ndipo mphero ya ulusi idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1930, ulusi ukupera udawonekera.
Ngakhale teknoloji yopukutira ulusi inali yovomerezeka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 19, chifukwa cha zovuta za kupanga nkhungu, chitukukocho chinali chochepa kwambiri mpaka Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse (1942-1945), chifukwa cha zosowa za kupanga zida ndi chitukuko cha ulusi wopera. luso.Vuto lolondola pakupanga nkhungu lakula kwambiri.cnc kutembenuza gawo
Ulusi umagawidwa makamaka mu ulusi wolumikiza ndi ulusi wotumizira
Pakulumikiza ulusi, njira zazikulu zopangira ndi: kugogoda, kulumikiza, kulumikiza, kugudubuza ulusi, kugudubuza ulusi, etc.
Pa ulusi wopatsirana, njira zazikulu zosinthira ndi: zokhotakhota komanso zokhota bwino---kupera, mphero yozungulira---yozungulira komanso yokhotakhota, ndi zina.
Gulu loyamba: kudula ulusi
Nthawi zambiri amatanthauza njira yopangira ulusi pazinthu zogwirira ntchito ndi zida zopangira kapena zida zonyezimira, makamaka kuphatikiza kutembenuza, mphero, kugogoda ndi kugaya ulusi, kugaya ndi kudula kamvuluvulu.Potembenuza, mphero ndi ulusi wopera, makina oyendetsa makina opangira makina amatsimikizira kuti chida chotembenuza, chodula mphero kapena gudumu lopukuta chimayenda ndendende ndi molingana chitsogozo chimodzi motsatira mbali ya workpiece pakusintha kulikonse kwa workpiece.Pogogoda kapena ulusi, chida (pampopi kapena kufa) ndi workpiece atembenuza wachibale wina ndi mzake, ndi chida (kapena workpiece) motsogozedwa ndi poyamba anapanga ulusi poyambira kusuntha axially.
1. Kutembenuza ulusi
Kutembenuza ulusi pa lathe kumatha kuchitidwa ndi chida chotembenuza kapena chipeso cha ulusi.Kutembenuza ulusi ndi chida chosinthira ndi njira yodziwika yopangira chidutswa chimodzi ndi kagulu kakang'ono kamagulu opangira ulusi chifukwa cha chida chosavuta;kutembenuza ulusi ndi chida chophatikizira ulusi kumakhala ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kopanga, koma mawonekedwe a zida ndi ovuta, oyenera kupanga batch yapakati komanso yayikulu.Kutembenuza zingwe zazifupi zogwirira ntchito ndi mawu abwino.Kulondola kwa phula kwa lathes wamba potembenuza ulusi wa trapezoidal kumatha kufika 8 mpaka 9 magiredi (JB2886-81, chimodzimodzi pansipa);Kupanga ulusi pazingwe zapadera za ulusi kumatha kukulitsa zokolola kapena kulondola.
2. Kupera ulusi
Kupera ndi disc kapena chocheka zisa pa mphero ya ulusi.
Zodula mphero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pogaya ulusi wakunja wa trapezoidal pazinthu zogwirira ntchito monga screw ndi nyongolotsi.Chodula chofanana ndi chipeso chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popera ulusi wamkati ndi kunja ndi ulusi wopindika.Popeza amagayidwa ndi chodula chamitundu yambiri ndipo kutalika kwa gawo lake logwirira ntchito ndi lalikulu kuposa kutalika kwa ulusi womwe uyenera kukonzedwa, chogwiriracho chimangofunika kuzunguliridwa 1.25 mpaka 1.5 kutembenuka.Zachitika ndi zokolola zambiri.Kulondola kwa phula kwa mphero ya ulusi nthawi zambiri kumatha kufika giredi 8 mpaka 9, ndipo kuuma kwapamtunda ndi ma microns a R5 mpaka 0.63.Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino kupanga unyinji wa ulusi workpieces mwatsatanetsatane ambiri kapena roughing pamaso akupera.
Wodula ulusi wopangira ulusi wamkati
3. Kupera ulusi
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokonza ulusi wolondola wa zida zolimba pa makina opera ulusi.Malingana ndi mawonekedwe a gudumu lopera, amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: gudumu lopera la mzere umodzi ndi gudumu lopukuta la mizere yambiri.Kulondola kwa phula komwe kungapezeke ndi kupera kwa magudumu a mzere umodzi ndi magiredi 5 mpaka 6, ndipo kuuma kwapamtunda ndi ma microns a R1.25 mpaka 0.08, omwe ndi osavuta pogaya magudumu.Njirayi ndi yoyenera kugaya zomangira zolondola, zoyezera ulusi, nyongolotsi, timagulu tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'ono tating'onoting'ono ta ulusi ndi mpumulo.Mipikisano mizere akupera gudumu akupera amagawidwa longitudinal akupera njira ndi agwere akupera njira.M’njira yopera yautali, m’lifupi mwa gudumu lopera ndi locheperapo kusiyana ndi kutalika kwa ulusi woti ausike, ndipo gudumu lopera limayenda motalika kamodzi kapena kangapo kuti upere ulusiwo ufikire kukula kwake.M'lifupi mwa gudumu lopera la njira yoperayo ndi yokulirapo kuposa kutalika kwa ulusi wopukutidwa.Gudumu lopera limadulidwa mozungulira pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchito, ndipo chogwiriracho chimatha kugwedezeka pambuyo pa kusinthika pafupifupi 1.25.Zokolola ndizokwera, koma kulondola kumakhala kotsika pang'ono, ndipo kuvala kwa magudumu okupera kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.Plunge grinding ndi koyenera pogaya magulu akuluakulu a matepi komanso pogaya ulusi wina pomanga.zigawo za aluminiyamu extrusion
4. Kupera ulusi
Chopukusira chamtundu wa nati kapena chopukutira chimapangidwa ndi zinthu zofewa monga chitsulo choponyedwa, ndipo mbali zomwe ulusi uli ndi vuto la phula pa chogwirira ntchito zimayendetsedwa kutsogolo ndikusintha mozungulira ulusi kuti umveke bwino.Ulusi woumitsa wamkati nthawi zambiri umadulidwa kuti uchotse mapindikidwe ndikuwongolera kulondola.
5. Kugogoda ndi ulusi
Kugogoda
Ndikokololera mpopi mu dzenje lobowoledwa kale pa chogwirira ntchito ndi torque inayake kuti mukonze ulusi wamkati.
Ulusi
Ndiko kudula ulusi wakunja pa bar (kapena chitoliro) chogwirira ntchito ndi kufa.Kulondola kwa makina pogogoda kapena kulumikiza kumadalira kulondola kwa mpopi kapena kufa.zigawo za aluminiyamu
Ngakhale pali njira zambiri zopangira ulusi wamkati ndi kunja, ulusi wamkati waung'ono ukhoza kukonzedwa ndi matepi.Kugogoda ndi ulusi kungathe kuchitidwa ndi manja, komanso ndi lathes, makina osindikizira, makina opopera ndi makina opangira ulusi.
Gulu lachiwiri: kugudubuza ulusi
The processing njira ya plastically deforming workpiece ndi kupanga anagubuduza kufa kupeza ulusi.Kugudubuza ulusi nthawi zambiri kumachitika pamakina ogubuduza ulusi kapena pa lathe lodziwikiratu lomwe limakhala ndi mutu womwe umakhala wotsegula ndi kutseka.Ulusi wakunja wopangira kuchuluka kwa zomangira zokhazikika ndi zolumikizira zina zolumikizidwa.Kuzungulira kwakunja kwa ulusi wokulungidwa nthawi zambiri sikuposa 25 mm, kutalika kwake sikuposa 100 mm, kulondola kwa ulusi kumatha kufika pamlingo wa 2 (GB197-63), ndipo m'mimba mwake wa ulusi wogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wofanana ndi phula. awiri a ulusi wokonzedwa.Kugudubuza nthawi zambiri sikungathe kupanga ulusi wamkati, koma kwa zogwirira ntchito zokhala ndi zida zofewa, kampopi wopanda grooveless angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuziziritsa ulusi wamkati (kuzama kwake kumatha kufika pafupifupi 30 mm).Mfundo yogwira ntchito ndi yofanana ndi kugogoda.Makokedwe omwe amafunikira pakuzizira kwa ulusi wamkati ndi wokulirapo kuwirikiza ka 1 kuposa kugunda, ndipo kulondola kwa makina ndi mtundu wapamtunda ndizokwera pang'ono kuposa zopopera.
Ubwino wakugudubuza ulusi: ①Kukhwinyata kwa pamwamba ndi kochepa kuposa kutembenuka, mphero ndi kugaya;②Pamwamba pa ulusi mutatha kugubuduza amatha kulimbitsa mphamvu ndi kuuma chifukwa cha kuzizira kwa ntchito;③Mlingo wogwiritsa ntchito zinthu ndiwokwera;④Zokolola zimachulukitsidwa kawiri poyerekeza ndi kudula, ndipo ndikosavuta kuzindikira makina;⑤ Moyo wogubuduza ndi wautali kwambiri.Komabe, ulusi wogubuduza umafuna kuti kuuma kwa zinthu zogwirira ntchito sikudutsa HRC40;kulondola kwa dimensional kwa chopanda kanthu ndikwambiri;kulondola ndi kuuma kwa kufa kwa gudumu kulinso kwakukulu, ndipo ndizovuta kupanga kufa;siyoyenera kugudubuza ulusi wokhala ndi mawonekedwe a asymmetric dzino.
Malingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kugubuduza, kugudubuza ulusi kungathe kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: kugudubuza ulusi ndi kugudubuza ulusi.
6. Kugudubuza ulusi
Zingwe ziwiri zopindika za ulusi zokhala ndi mawonekedwe a ulusi amapangidwa moyang'anizana ndi phula la 1/2, mbale yosasunthika imakhazikika, ndipo mbale yosuntha imayenda mozungulira mofananira ndi mbale yosasunthika.Pamene workpiece imatumizidwa pakati pa mbale ziwirizo, mbale yosuntha imapita patsogolo ndikupukuta workpiece kuti iwonongeke pamwamba kuti ipange ulusi (Chithunzi 6 [Screwing]).
7. Kugudubuza ulusi
Pali mitundu itatu ya ulusi wozungulira, ulusi wopindika komanso ulusi wozungulira.
①Kugudubuzika kwa ulusi: 2 (kapena 3) mawilo ogudubuza ulusi okhala ndi mbiri ya ulusi amayikidwa pamiyendo yofanana, chogwirira ntchito chimayikidwa pa chothandizira pakati pa mawilo awiri, ndipo mawilo awiriwo amazungulira mbali imodzi komanso liwiro lomwelo (Chithunzi. 7).[Kuzungulira kwa ulusi]), imodzi mwazozungulira imachitanso kayendedwe ka chakudya.Chogwirira ntchito chimazunguliridwa ndi gudumu lakugudubuza ulusi, ndipo pamwamba pake amatuluka mozungulira kuti apange ulusi.Kwa zomangira zina zotsogola zomwe sizifuna kulondola kwambiri, njira yofananira ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito popanga mipukutu.
②Kugubuduza kwa ulusi: Kumadziwikanso kuti kugudubuza kwa ulusi wa mapulaneti, chida chogudubuza chimakhala ndi gudumu lozungulira lapakati ndi mbale zitatu zokhazikika zooneka ngati arc (mkuyu 8 [Tangential thread rolling]).Pakugubuduza ulusi, chogwiriracho chimatha kudyetsedwa mosalekeza, kotero kuti zokolola zake zimakhala zapamwamba kuposa za ulusi wozungulira ndi ulusi wa radial.
③ Mutu wopukutira ulusi: Imapangidwa pa lathe yodziwikiratu ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ulusi waufupi pa chogwirira ntchito.Pali 3 mpaka 4 mawilo ogudubuza ulusi wogawidwa mofanana pamphepete mwa kunja kwa workpiece mu mutu wopukutira (mkuyu. 9 [Kugudubuza mutu]).Pakugubuduza ulusi, chogwirira ntchito chimazungulira ndipo mutu wogudubuza umadya axially kuti utulutse ulusiwo.
8. EDM ulusi
Kukonza kwa ulusi wamba nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito malo opangira makina kapena zida ndi zida, ndipo nthawi zina kugogoda pamanja kumathekanso.Komabe, nthawi zina zapadera, njira pamwamba si zophweka kupeza zotsatira zabwino processing, monga kufunika makina ulusi pambuyo kutentha mankhwala a mbali chifukwa cha kunyalanyaza, kapena chifukwa cha zopinga zakuthupi, monga kufunika ndikupeza mwachindunji pa carbide. workpieces.Panthawiyi, m'pofunika kuganizira njira yopangira EDM.
Poyerekeza ndi njira yopangira makina, ndondomeko ya EDM ili mu dongosolo lomwelo, ndipo dzenje la pansi liyenera kukumbidwa poyamba, ndipo m'mimba mwake pansi pa dzenje liyenera kutsimikiziridwa malinga ndi momwe ntchito ikugwirira ntchito.Elekitirodi iyenera kusinthidwa kukhala mawonekedwe a ulusi, ndipo ma elekitirodi amayenera kusinthasintha panthawi yopanga makina.
Anebon Metal Products Limited ikhoza kupereka CNC Machining, Die Casting, Sheet Metal Fabrication service, chonde omasuka kulankhula nafe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-15-2022