Pfupiso yenzira sere dzekugadzirisa shinda, iwe unofanirwa kuziva kana uchigadzira machining
Izwi reChirungu rinoenderana nerokuti Chikurukuru.Zvinorehwa neshoko iri zvachinja zvakanyanya mumazana emakore achangopfuura.Kanenge muna 1725, zvinoreva "kusangana".
Kushandiswa kweiyo tambo musimboti kunogona kurondwa kumashure kune inotenderera mvura-yekusimudza chishandiso chakagadzirwa nenyanzvi yechiGiriki Archimedes muna 220 BC.
Muzana remakore rechina AD, nyika dzeMediterranean dzakatanga kushandisa musimboti wemabhaudhi nenzungu kumichina inoshandiswa mukugadzira waini.Panguva iyoyo, shinda yokunze yaimonerwa netambo kune cylindrical bar, yozotemerwa maererano nechiratidzo ichi, nepo shinda yomukati yaiwanzoitwa nokurova shinda yokunze nezvinhu zvakapfava.
Akapoteredza 1500, muchidimbu chetambo yekugadzira tambo yakadhirowewa naItari Leonardo da Vinci, pakanga paine zano rekushandisa screw yechikadzi uye giya rekuchinjana kugadzira shinda dzine mapiji akasiyana.Kubva ipapo, nzira yekucheka shinda nemichina yakatanga muindasitiri yekugadzira wachi yeEurope.
Muna 1760, hama dzokuBritain J. Wyatt naW. Wyatt vakawana patent yekucheka masiruu ehuni nemudziyo unokosha.Muna 1778, muBritish J. Ramsden akambogadzira shinda yekucheka shinda inotyairwa nehonye giya pair, iyo inogona kugadzira shinda refu nehupamhi hwepamusoro.Muna 1797, murungu H. Maudsley akashandisa sikuruu yemukadzi uye giya rekuchinjanisa kushandura shinda dzesimbi dzemapiji akasiyana palathesi yake yakavandudzwa, iyo yakaisa nzira yekutanga yekutenderedza shinda.
Mumakore ekuma1820, Maudsley akagadzira matepi ekutanga uye anofa nekuda kweshinda.
Mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20, kusimukira kweindasitiri yemotokari kwakawedzera kusimudzira kumiswa kwetambo uye kuvandudzwa kweakasiyana akajeka uye anoshanda nzira dzekugadzira tambo.Yakasiyana-siyana otomatiki yekuvhura misoro yekufa uye matepi anodzikira otomatiki akagadzirwa imwe mushure meimwe, uye shinda yekugaya yakatanga kuiswa.
Mukutanga kwema1930, kukuya kweshinda kwakaonekwa.
Kunyangwe tekinoroji yekukunguruka yaive patent mukutanga kwezana ramakore re19, nekuda kwekuoma kwekugadzira mold, kusimudzira kwacho kwakanonoka kusvika Hondo Yenyika Yechipiri (1942-1945), nekuda kwezvinodiwa zvekugadzira zvombo uye kusimudzira kwekukuya. teknolojia.Dambudziko chairo rekugadzira mold rakakura nekukurumidza.cnc kutendeuka chikamu
Shinda dzinonyanya kukamurwa kuita tambo dzekubatanidza uye tambo dzekutumira
Zvekubatanidza tambo, nzira huru dzekugadzirisa ndeidzi: kubatika, kupinza, kupinza, kupepeta tambo, tambo yekutenderedza, nezvimwe.
Kune tambo dzekutumira, nzira huru dzekugadzirisa ndeidzi: rough uye yakanaka kutendeuka---kugaya, whirl milling---yakakora uye kutenderera kwakanaka, nezvimwe.
Chikamu chekutanga: kucheka shinda
Zvinowanzo reva nzira yekugadzira shinda pazvishandiso zvine maturusi ekugadzira kana maturusi ekukwenya, kunyanya zvinosanganisira kutenderedza, kugaya, kubaya uye kugaya shinda, kugaya uye kucheka kwechamupupuri.Kana uchitenderedza, kugaya uye kugaya tambo, dhiraivha yechishandiso chemuchina inova nechokwadi chekuti chishandiso chekushandura, chigayo chekucheka kana vhiri rekukuya rinofamba chaizvo uye zvakaenzana lead imwe padivi peaxis yeworkpiece kune yega shanduko yebasa rekushanda.Kana uchibaya kana shinda, chishandiso (pombi kana kufa) uye workpiece inotenderera kune mumwe nemumwe, uye chishandiso (kana workpiece) inotungamirwa neyakagadzirwa tambo groove kuti ifambe axially.
1. Kutenderedzwa kweshinda
Kubatidza shinda palatheti kunogona kuitwa nemudziyo wekutenderedza kana muzinga weshinda.Kutenderedza tambo nechishandiso chekugadzira kushandura inzira yakajairika yeimwe-chidimbu uye diki batch kugadzirwa kweshinda yakashongedzwa workpieces nekuda kweiyo yakapusa sisitimu chimiro;kushandura shinda neshinda yekubatanidza tambo ine yakakwira kugadzirwa kwehunyanzvi, asi chimiro chemidziyo chakaoma, chakakodzera kugadzirwa kwepakati uye hombe batch.Kushandura shinda pfupi maworkpieces ane pitch yakanaka.Iko kurongeka kwakaringana kweakajairwa lathes yekutenderedza trapezoidal shinda kazhinji inogona kungosvika 8 kusvika 9 mamakisi (JB2886-81, zvakafanana pazasi);machining shinda pahunyanzvi shinda lathes inogona zvakanyanya kunatsiridza kugadzirwa kana kurongeka.
2. Kugaya shinda
Kukuya nedisc kana comb cutter pachigayo cheshinda.
Disc milling cutters anonyanya kushandiswa kukuya trapezoidal ekunze shinda pane workpieces akadai sikuruu nehonye.Comb-shaped milling cutter inoshandiswa pakugaya mukati nekunze tambo dzakajairwa uye tapered shinda.Sezvo yakagayiwa ne-multi-blade milling cutter uye kureba kwechikamu chayo chekushanda chakakura kupfuura kureba kweshinda kuti igadziriswe, iyo workpiece inongoda kutenderedzwa 1.25 kusvika 1.5 kutendeuka kuti igadziriswe.Kuitwa nekubudirira kwepamusoro.Hurukuro hwekugaya shinda hunogona kusvika pa8 kusvika ku9 mamakisi, uye kushata kwepamusoro iR5 kusvika 0.63 microns.Iyi nzira yakanakira kugadzirwa kwehuwandu hwema threaded workpieces e general precision kana kuti roughing isati yakuya.
Thread milling cutter yekugadzira shinda dzemukati
3. Kukuya shinda
Inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira tambo dzakaomeswa dzemichina yekukuya pamichina yekukuya.Zvinoenderana nechimiro chemuchinjiko-chikamu chegumbo rekukuya, inogona kukamurwa kuva mhando mbiri: imwechete-mutsara grinding vhiri uye akawanda-line grinding vhiri.Kurongeka kwepitch kunogona kuwanikwa ne-single-line grinding wheel giredhi 5 kusvika 6 mamakisi, uye kushata kwepamusoro iR1.25 kusvika 0.08 microns, iri nyore pakugaya vhiri kupfeka.Iyi nzira yakanakira kukuya zvikukutu, shinda dzegeji, makonye, mabhechi madiki ezvishandiso zvine shinda uye yekuyamura kugaya chaiko hobho.Multi-line kugaya vhiri kugaya yakakamurwa kuita longitudinal kugaya nzira uye plunge kugaya nzira.Munzira yokukuya nayo yelongitudinal, kufara kwevhiri kuduku pane kureba kweshinda inofanira kukuyiwa, uye vhiri rokukuya rinofamba kureba kamwe kana kuti kakawanda kukuya shinda kusvika pakukura kwekupedzisira.Hupamhi hwevhiri rekugaya nzira yekugaya yakakura kudarika urefu hweshinda ichagayiwa.Gumbo rekukuya rinochekwa radially mukati meiyo workpiece, uye workpiece inogona pasi zvakanaka mushure me 1.25 revolutions.Kugadzirwa kwacho kwakakwira, asi iko kurongeka kwakadzikira zvishoma, uye kupfeka kwegumbo kunowedzera kuoma.Plunge grinding inokodzera kukuya kwekukuya mabhechi makuru emapombi uye nekukuya dzimwe shinda dzekusimbisa.aluminium extrusion zvikamu
4. Kukuya shinda
Iyo nut-type kana screw-type thread grinder inogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakapfava sesimbi yakakandwa, uye zvikamu izvo shinda ine pitch kukanganisa paworkpiece inoiswa kumberi nekudzoreredza kutenderera kukuya kuti kunatsiridza huronyo hwakarurama.Shinda dzemukati dzakaomeswa dzinowanzoitwa pasi kuti dzibvise deformation uye kunatsiridza kurongeka.
5. Kubata uye kupinza
Tapping
Iko kukwenya pombi mugomba rakafanocherwa pazasi pane workpiece neimwe torque yekugadzirisa shinda yemukati.
Thread
Iko kucheka shinda yekunze pabhari (kana pombi) workpiece nekufa.Kurongeka kwemachina ekutepa kana kupinza kunoenderana nekurongeka kwepombi kana kufa.zvikamu zvealuminium
Kunyangwe paine nzira dzakawanda dzekugadzirisa tambo dzemukati nekunze, diki-dhayamita dzemukati tambo dzinogona kungogadziriswa nemapombi.Kutepfenyura uye shinda kunogona kuitwa nemaoko, pamwe chete nemalathesi, madhiri ekudhiraivha, michina yekutepa nemichina yekuisa tambo.
Chikamu chechipiri: thread rolling
Iyo nzira yekugadzirisa yeplastically deforming iyo workpiece ine yekugadzira rolling die kuti uwane shinda.Kupeta shinda kunowanzoitwa pamuchina wekumoneredza kana kuti otomatiki lathe ine otomatiki kuvhura uye kuvhara shinda inotenderedza musoro.Shinda dzekunze dzekugadzira misa yemafasteners akajairwa uye mamwe ma threaded couplings.Iyo dhayamita yekunze yeshinda yakakungurutswa kazhinji haipfuure 25 mm, kureba hakupfuuri 100 mm, iyo tambo yechokwadi inogona kusvika padanho 2 (GB197-63), uye dhayamita reiyo blank rakashandiswa rinenge rakaenzana nenzwi. dhayamita yeshinda yakagadziriswa.Kutenderedza kazhinji hakugone kugadzira tambo dzemukati, asi kune zvekushanda zvine zvinyoro zvinyoro, tepi isina grooveless extrusion inogona kushandiswa kutonhora-inoburitsa tambo dzemukati (iyo yakakwira dhayamita inogona kusvika 30 mm).Nheyo yekushanda yakafanana neyekutapa.Iyo torque inodiwa pakutonhora kuwedzeredzwa kwetambo dzemukati yakakura kakapetwa ka1 pane iyo yekutepa, uye iko machining echokwadi uye epamusoro mhando yakakwira zvishoma pane iyo yekutepa.
Zvakanakira kupeta shinda: ①Kushata kwepamusoro idiki pane kutenderedza, kukuya nekukuya;②Pamusoro peshinda mushure mekukunguruka inogona kuvandudza simba uye kuoma nekuda kwekutonhora kwebasa kuoma;③Chiyero chekushandiswa kwezvinhu chakakwira;④Kubereka kwakapetwa kaviri zvichienzaniswa nekucheka, uye zviri nyore kuziva otomatiki;⑤ Hupenyu hwekukunguruka hwakareba.Nekudaro, tambo yekutenderedza inoda kuti kuoma kweiyo workpiece zvinhu kusapfuure HRC40;kurongeka kwedimensional kwechisina chinhu kwakakwirira;iyo chaiyo uye kuoma kweiyo inotenderedza die zvakare yakakwirira, uye yakaoma kugadzira iyo kufa;haina kukodzera kukungurutsa shinda ine asymmetric mazino chimiro.
Zvinoenderana neyakasiyana-siyana yekukunguruka inofa, tambo yekukungurusa inogona kupatsanurwa mumhando mbiri: shinda yekukungurusa uye shinda.
6. Thread rolling
Mahwendefa maviri anomonereka ane shinda yemazino akarongwa akatarisana kune rimwe nerimwe ane 1/2 pitch, iyo static plate inogadzika, uye ndiro inofamba inofamba mumutsara unodzokororwa unofambirana neiyo static plate.Kana workpiece inotumirwa pakati pemahwendefa maviri, ndiro inofamba inoenda mberi uye inokwesha workpiece kuti plastically deform pamusoro kuumba shinda (Figure 6 [Screwing]).
7. Thread rolling
Kune mhando nhatu dzeradial shinda inokunguruka, tangential shinda inokunguruka uye musoro unomonereka.
①Radial tambo inotenderedzwa: 2 (kana 3) shinda inotenderedza mavhiri ane shinda profile akaiswa pamativi akaenzana shafts, workpiece inoiswa parutsigiro pakati pemavhiri maviri, uye mavhiri maviri anotenderera munzira imwe uye nekumhanya kwakafanana (Mufananidzo. 7).[Radial thread rolling]), imwe yematenderedzwa inoitawo radial feed motion.Iyo workpiece inotenderedzwa neshinda inotenderedza vhiri, uye pamusoro inokwidibirwa neradially kuita shinda.Kune mamwe masikuru ekutungamirira ayo asingade kurongeka kwepamusoro, nzira yakafanana inogona kushandiswawo kugadzira roll.
②Tangential thread rolling: Iyo inozivikanwawo seplanetary thread rolling, chimbo chekutenderedza chine chinotenderera chepakati chinotenderedza vhiri uye matatu akagadzika arc-shaped shinda mahwendefa (Fig. 8 [Tangential thread rolling]).Munguva yekukungurutswa kweshinda, iyo workpiece inogona kuramba ichidyiswa, saka chibereko chakakwira kupfuura icho chetambo yekukunguruka uye radial tambo yekukunguruka.
③ Thread rolling head: Inoitwa pane otomatiki lathe uye inowanzo shandiswa kugadzira mapfupi shinda pane workpiece.Pane 3 kusvika 4 shinda inokunguruka mavhiri akagoverwa zvakaenzana padivi rekunze reworkpiece mumusoro unomonereka (Fig. 9 [Tread rolling head rolling]).Munguva yekutenderedzwa kweshinda, workpiece inotenderera uye musoro unotenderera unodyisa axially kukungurusa workpiece kunze kweshinda.
8. EDM threading
Kugadziriswa kwetambo dzakajairwa kunowanzo shandisa machining nzvimbo kana tepi michina uye maturusi, uye dzimwe nguva kubata nemaoko kunogoneka.Nekudaro, mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakakosha, iyo nzira iri pamusoro haisi nyore kuwana yakanaka yekugadzirisa mhedzisiro, senge kudiwa kwemuchina tambo mushure mekupisa kurapwa kwezvikamu nekuda kwekuregeredza, kana nekuda kwekumanikidza kwezvinhu, sekudikanwa kwekubaya zvakananga pacarbide. workpieces.Panguva ino, zvakakosha kufunga nezvekugadzirisa nzira yeEDM.
Kuenzaniswa nemaitiro ekugadzira, chirongwa che EDM chiri muhutano hwakafanana, uye gomba rezasi rinoda kutanga, uye hupamhi hwegomba rezasi hunofanira kugadziriswa maererano nemamiriro ekushanda.Iyo electrode inoda kugadzirwa kuita shinda chimiro, uye electrode inoda kukwanisa kutenderera panguva yekugadzira machining.
Anebon Metal Products Limited inogona kupa CNC Machining, Die Casting, Sheet Metal Fabrication service, ndapota inzwa wakasununguka kutibata nesu.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-15-2022