Pakalipano, makina opangira makina amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri malinga ndi gulu la kupanga: imodzi ndi chidutswa chimodzi, mitundu yambiri ndi batch yaying'ono (yomwe imatchedwa kupanga batch yaing'ono);Zina ndi zazing'ono zosiyanasiyana komanso kupanga magulu akuluakulu.Zakale zimawerengera 70 ~ 80% ya mtengo wonse wotulutsa makina opangira makina, ndipo ndiye gawo lalikulu la makina opangira.
Chifukwa chiyani kupanga bwino kwa chida cha makina omwewo kumasiyana kangapo?Mapeto ake ndikuti makina osankhidwa pa chida cha makina a NC sizoyenera, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kupanga kwa chida cha makina a NC.Zotsatirazi zikufotokozera kusankha koyenera komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida za makina a NC.
Momwe mungasinthire kuchuluka kwa magwiritsidwe a zida zamakina a CNC?Kupyolera mu kusanthula kwaumisiri, kugwiritsa ntchito zida kumakhala ndi ubale wabwino.Malinga ndi ziwerengero zosakwanira, kuchuluka kwa zosintha zopanda nzeru zomwe mabizinesi apakhomo amagwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina a CNC ndi opitilira 50%.Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2010, chiwerengero cha zida za makina a CNC ku China chinafika pafupifupi 1 miliyoni, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zida za makina a CNC oposa 500000 zinali "zopanda pake" chifukwa cha kusankha kosayenera kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kosayenera kwa mindandanda;Kuchokera kumalingaliro ena, pali zambiri zoti zichitike pakusankha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina a NC, chifukwa zili ndi phindu lalikulu pazachuma.
Kuzungulira kwamagulu ang'onoang'ono = kupanga (kukonzekera / kuyembekezera) nthawi + nthawi yopangira ntchito Popeza "nthawi yopangira ntchito" yopanga batch yaying'ono ndi yochepa kwambiri, kutalika kwa "nthawi yopanga (kukonzekera / kudikirira)" kumakhudza kwambiri kukonza kuzungulira.Kuti tipititse patsogolo kupanga bwino, tiyenera kupeza njira zochepetsera nthawi yopanga (kukonzekera / kudikirira).
1. Mitundu itatu ya zida zamakina a NC ndi zosintha zomwe zitha kukhala patsogolo pazopanga zazing'ono zimalimbikitsidwa motere:
Kusintha kwa Modular
Makina opangira ma modular, omwe amadziwikanso kuti "building block fixture", amapangidwa ndi zida zingapo zamakina zokhala ndi mapangidwe okhazikika, ntchito zosiyanasiyana, komanso mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.Makasitomala amatha kusonkhanitsa mwachangu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zamakina malinga ndi zofunikira pakukonza, monga "zomangira".Chifukwa mawonekedwe osinthika amapulumutsa nthawi yopangira ndi kupanga zida zapadera, amafupikitsa kwambiri nthawi yokonzekera, motero amafupikitsa kadulidwe kakang'ono ka kupanga batch, ndiko kuti, kumathandizira kupanga bwino.Kuphatikiza apo, mawonekedwe amtundu wamtundu alinso ndi zabwino za kulondola kwapamwamba kwambiri, kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa clamping, kubwezeretsanso ndikugwiritsanso ntchito, kupanga mphamvu ndi kupulumutsa zinthu, mtengo wotsika mtengo, etc. mawonekedwe a mankhwala ndi ovuta.
Mwatsatanetsatane kuphatikiza lathyathyathya pliers
M'malo mwake, kuphatikiza kosalala kosalala kwa nsagwada kumakhala kwa "msonkhano" wama modular fixture.Poyerekeza ndi zida zina zosinthira modular, zimakhala zosunthika, zokhazikika, zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso zodalirika pakumanga.Chifukwa chake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.The mwatsatanetsatane kuphatikiza lathyathyathya nsagwada pliers ndi ubwino unsembe mofulumira (disassembly), mofulumira clamping, etc., kotero akhoza kufupikitsa nthawi yokonzekera kupanga ndi bwino dzuwa kupanga yaing'ono mtanda.Pakali pano, kutsekereza kophatikizana kophatikizana kosalala kosalala kwa nsagwada komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi nthawi zambiri kumakhala mkati mwa 1000mm, ndipo kukakamiza kumakhala mkati mwa 5000Kgf.
Mtsinje wosalala wa clamp
Smooth fixture base sichimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku China, koma imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Europe, America ndi mayiko ena otukuka.M'malo mwake, ndiye chopanda chopanda kanthu pazikhazikiko pambuyo pomaliza, gawo lolumikizirana pakati pa chinthucho ndi chida cha makina komanso malo oyika gawolo latha.Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kukonza ndikupanga zida zapadera malinga ndi zosowa zawo zenizeni.
Zindikirani kuti kuphatikiza kolondola kophatikizika kwa nsagwada za nsagwada zomwe zatchulidwa pano sizinthu zakale zamakina.Makina akale a makina ali ndi ntchito imodzi, kulondola kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kupanga, sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito m'magulu, komanso kukhala ndi moyo waufupi wautumiki, kotero iwo sali oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa makina a CNC ndi malo opangira makina.Zosakaniza zophatikizika bwino za nsagwada zomwe zatchulidwa apa ndi mndandanda wazitsulo zatsopano za nsagwada zochokera ku Europe, America ndi mayiko ena otukuka mafakitale, opangidwa mwapadera kuti aziwonetsa zida zamakina a CNC ndi malo opangira makina.mankhwala amenewa ndi makhalidwe a lalikulu clamping kusinthasintha, mkulu udindo kulondola, kusala clamping, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'magulu, ndipo makamaka oyenera CNC makina zida ndi malo Machining.
Magetsi okhazikika a maginito clamp
Magetsi okhazikika amagetsi ndi mtundu watsopano wopangidwa ndi neodymium iron boron ndi zida zina zatsopano zamaginito monga magwero a maginito ndi mfundo ya maginito amakono.Zochita zambiri zamakina zikuwonetsa kuti kuyika kwa maginito okhazikika amagetsi kumatha kupititsa patsogolo luso la makina a CNC ndi malo opangira makina.
The clamping ndi kumasula ndondomeko ya magetsi okhazikika maginito clamp amatenga pafupifupi 1 sekondi, kotero nthawi clamping kwambiri lalifupi;The malo zinthu ndi clamping zinthu za ochiritsira makina chida jigs atenge malo lalikulu, pamene magetsi okhazikika maginito jigs alibe danga izi occupying zinthu.Choncho, poyerekeza ndi ochiritsira makina chida jigs, ndi magetsi okhazikika maginito jigs ndi ikuluikulu clamping osiyanasiyana, amene amathandiza kuti ntchito mokwanira worktable ndi processing sitiroko ya CNC makina chida, ndi yabwino kuwongolera mabuku processing dzuwa laKutembenuza magawondimakina opanga zigawo.Kukoka kwa maginito okhazikika amagetsi nthawi zambiri kumakhala 15 ~ 18Kgf / cm2, chifukwa chake ziyenera kuwonetseredwa kuti kuyamwa (kukakamiza) ndikokwanira kukana mphamvu yodulira.Nthawi zambiri, malo otsatsa sayenera kukhala ochepera 30cm2, ndiye kuti, mphamvu yokhotakhota sayenera kuchepera 450Kgf.
2. Chida cha makina a NC choyenera kukonzanso misa
Misa processing cycle=kukonza nthawi yodikirira+nthawi yokonza zogwirira ntchito+nthawi yokonzekera "kukonza nthawi yodikirira" makamaka imaphatikizapo nthawi yokhomerera zogwirira ntchito ndikusintha zida.The "workpiece clamping nthawi" ya zida zachikhalidwe zamakina opangira makina amatha kufikira 10-30% ya kuzungulira kwa misa, kotero "kugwedeza kwachingwe" kwakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chikukhudza kupanga bwino, komanso chinthu chofunikira kwambiri "kugogoda zomwe zingatheke." ” ya zida za makina.
Chifukwa chake, zida zapadera zoikika mwachangu komanso kuwongolera mwachangu (kumasula) ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza misa, ndipo mitundu itatu yotsatirayi ya zida zamakina zitha kuperekedwa patsogolo:
hydraulic / pneumatic clamp
Hydraulic/pneumatic clamp ndi chotchinga chapadera chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito kuthamanga kwamafuta kapena kuthamanga kwa mpweya ngati gwero lamagetsi kuti liyike, kuthandizira ndi kupanikizira chogwirira ntchito kudzera pazigawo za hydraulic kapena pneumatic.Makina a hydraulic / pneumatic amatha kudziwa molondola komanso mwachangu malo omwe ali pakati pa chogwirira ntchito, chida cha makina ndi chodula.Kulondola kwa malo kwa workpiece kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kukonza, ndipo kulondola kwa makina ndikokwera;Kuyika ndi kukakamiza kumathamanga, kupulumutsa kwambiri nthawi yokhomerera ndikumasula chogwirira ntchito;Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ili ndi ubwino wa mawonekedwe ophatikizika, kupopera malo angapo, kudula kothamanga kwambiri, kuwongolera basi, etc.
Ubwino womwe uli pamwambapa wa hydraulic / pneumatic fixture umapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamakina a CNC, malo opangira makina ndi mizere yosinthika yopangira, makamaka pakukonza misa.
Magetsi okhazikika a maginito clamp
Chingwe chamagetsi chokhazikika chamagetsi chimakhala ndi ubwino wokhotakhota mwachangu, kukanikizira kosavuta kwamitundu ingapo, makina ambiri am'mbali, kulimba kokhazikika komanso kodalirika, kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuteteza chilengedwe, komanso kuwongolera zokha.Poyerekeza ndi zida wamba zamakina, zosintha zamagetsi zokhazikika zamagetsi zimatha kufupikitsa nthawi yokhotakhota, kuchepetsa nthawi yokhotakhota, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a clamping.Choncho, iwo sali oyenera kupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono okha, komanso kupanga magulu akuluakulu.
Mtsinje wosalala wa clamp
The yosalala pamwamba fixture m'munsi akhoza mogwira kufupikitsa mkombero kupanga mindandanda yamasewera apadera ndi kuchepetsa kupanga kukonzekera nthawi, kotero akhoza zambiri kufupikitsa mkombero wa kupanga misa ndi kusintha Mwachangu kupanga;Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mtengo wopangira zida zapadera ukhoza kuchepetsedwa.Choncho, yosalala pamwamba fixture m'munsi makamaka oyenera kupanga misa ndi zolimba mkombero.
Gwiritsirani ntchito zotsekera kuti mugwire kuthekera kwa zida
Zochitika zikuwonetsa kuti pofuna kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a zida zamakina a NC, sikokwanira "kusankha zoyenera" zida zamakina a NC ndi zosintha, komanso "kugwiritsa" zida zamakina a NC ndi zosintha.
3. Nazi njira zitatu zodziwika bwino:
Multi station njira
Mfundo yofunikira ya njira ya masiteshoni ambiri ndikufupikitsa nthawi yolumikizira ma unit ndikukulitsa nthawi yodula ya chidacho pomanga ma workpiece angapo nthawi imodzi.Multi station fixture imatanthawuza kukonza komwe kumakhala ndi malo angapo komanso ma clamping.
Ndi chitukuko cha zida zamakina a CNC komanso kufunikira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kuti apititse patsogolo kupanga bwino, kugwiritsa ntchito masiteshoni ambiri kumachulukirachulukira.Mapangidwe a masiteshoni ambiri amachulukirachulukira pamapangidwe a hydraulic/pneumatic fixtures, ma modular fixtures, maginito okhazikika amagetsi okhazikika komanso ma pulaneti olondola a nsagwada.
Kugwiritsa ntchito pagulu
Cholinga cha "multi station" clamping chingathenso kukwaniritsidwa poyika zingwe zingapo zofanana pa benchi yogwirira ntchito yomweyo.Zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi njirayi ziyenera kudutsa "mapangidwe okhazikika komanso kupanga mwatsatanetsatane", apo ayi ndizovuta kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakukonza zida zamakina a NC.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito gulu ingagwiritse ntchito mokwanira kukwapula kwa chida cha makina a NC, chomwe chimapindulitsa kuvala moyenera kwa magawo opatsirana a chida cha makina;Nthawi yomweyo, zosintha zoyenera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pawokha kuti zizindikire kulimba kwa zidutswa zingapo, ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito limodzi kuti zizindikire kugunda kwazinthu zazikuluzikulu.
Njira yosinthira mwachangu
Njira yosinthira mwachangu m'deralo ndikusintha mwachangu magwiridwe antchito kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe mwakusintha mwachangu magawo am'deralo (magawo oyika, ma clamping, zida zoyika zida ndi zida zowongolera) za zida za makina a NC.Mwachitsanzo, mwamsanga kusintha kuphatikiza lathyathyathya nsagwada angasinthe clamping ntchito mwamsanga kusintha nsagwada, monga kusintha clamping lalikulu chuma mu clamping bala zakuthupi;Njira yokhomerera imathanso kusinthidwa posintha mwachangu zinthu zokhotakhota, monga kusintha kuchoka pamanja kupita ku hydraulic clamping.Njira yosinthira mwachangu yam'deralo imafupikitsa kwambiri nthawi yosinthira ndikusintha, ndipo imakhala ndi zabwino zowonekera pakupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-15-2022