An raba zaren galibi zuwa zaren haɗawa da zaren watsawa
Domin haɗa zaren naCNC Machining sassakumaCNC Juya sassa, manyan hanyoyin sarrafawa sune: tatsi, zare, juyawa, juyawa, jujjuyawa, da sauransu. Don zaren watsa, manyan hanyoyin sarrafawa sune: rough and fine turning — niƙa, guguwa milling — rough da fine turning, da dai sauransu.
An bayyana hanyoyin sarrafawa daban-daban a ƙasa:
1. Yanke zare
Gabaɗaya yana nufin hanyar sarrafa zaren akancnc juya sassatare da samar da kayan aiki ko kayan aikin niƙa, musamman waɗanda suka haɗa da juyawa, niƙa, taɓawa, zaren zare, niƙa, niƙa da yanke guguwa.Lokacin juyawa, niƙa da zaren niƙa, sarkar watsawa na kayan aikin injin yana tabbatar da cewa kayan aikin juyawa, mai yankan niƙa ko dabaran niƙa suna motsa gubar daidai kuma a ko'ina tare da axis na workpiece duk lokacin da workpiece ya juya.Lokacin bugawa ko zaren, kayan aiki (matsa ko mutu) da kayan aikin suna yin motsi na jujjuyawar dangi, kuma tsagi na farko da aka kafa yana jagorantar kayan aiki (ko workpiece) don motsawa axially.
Juyawa zaren kunna lathe na iya amfani da kayan aikin juyi nau'i ko zare (duba kayan aikin zaren).Juya zaren tare da samar da kayan aikin juyawa shine hanyar gama gari don yanki ɗaya da ƙananan samar da kayan aikin da aka zana saboda tsarin kayan aiki mai sauƙi;juya zaren tare da masu yankan zaren yana da ingantaccen samarwa, amma tsarin kayan aiki yana da rikitarwa kuma kawai ya dace da juyawa a cikin matsakaici da babban samarwa.Daidaiton farar zaren trapezoidal yana kunna lathes na yau da kullun zai iya kaiwa maki 8 zuwa 9 (JB2886-81, iri ɗaya a ƙasa);sarrafa zaren akan lathes na musamman na zaren na iya inganta haɓaka aiki ko daidaito sosai.
2. Niƙan zare
Ana yin niƙa ne akan na'urar niƙa zaren tare da yankan diski ko abin yanke tsefe.Ana amfani da masu yankan faifai mafi yawa don niƙa zaren trapezoidal na waje akan kayan aiki kamar su dunƙule sanduna da tsutsotsi.Ana amfani da abin yankan niƙa mai siffar tsefe don niƙa zaren yau da kullun na ciki da na waje da zaren taper.Tun lokacin da aka niƙa shi da mai yankan niƙa mai kaifi da yawa, tsawon sashin aikin sa ya fi tsayin zaren da aka sarrafa, don haka aikin aikin kawai yana buƙatar juyawa 1.25 zuwa 1.5 don aiwatarwa.Cikakken, babban yawan aiki.Daidaiton farar niƙa na zaren na iya kaiwa ga gabaɗaya digiri 8-9, kuma ƙarancin saman shine R 5-0.63 microns.Wannan hanya ta dace don samar da tsari na kayan aikin da aka yi da zaren tare da daidaitaccen ma'auni ko m machining kafin niƙa.
3. Zare nika
Ana amfani da shi ne musamman don machining daidai zaren na taurare workpieces a kan zare grinders.Bisa ga siffar giciye-sashe na nika dabaran, shi za a iya raba iri biyu: guda-line nika dabaran da Multi-line nika dabaran.Daidaiton farar dabaran niƙa mai layi ɗaya shine maki 5-6, ƙarancin saman shine R 1.25-0.08 microns, kuma suturar dabaran niƙa ya fi dacewa.Wannan hanya ta dace danika madaidaicin gubar sukurori, zaren ma'auni, tsutsotsi, ƙananan batches na threaded workpieces da taimako nika daidai hobs.Multi-line nika dabaran nika ya kasu kashi biyu iri: a tsaye nika hanya da plunge nika hanya.A cikin hanyar niƙa mai tsayi, faɗin dabaran niƙa ya fi tsayin zaren da za a yi ƙasa, kuma zaren na iya kasa ƙasa zuwa girman ƙarshe ta hanyar motsa ƙafafun niƙa a tsaye sau ɗaya ko sau da yawa.A cikin hanyar niƙa niƙa, nisa dabaran niƙa ya fi tsayin zaren da za a yi ƙasa, kuma dabaran niƙa ta yanke cikin saman kayan aikin radially, kuma aikin na iya zama ƙasa bayan juyin juya halin 1.25.Yawan aiki yana da girma, amma daidaito ya ɗan ragu kaɗan, kuma suturar ƙafafun niƙa ya fi rikitarwa.Hanyar niƙa mai niƙa ta dace da taimakon bututun niƙa tare da manyan batches da niƙa wasu zaren don ɗaurewa.
4. Zare nika
Nau'in goro ko nau'in zare mai nau'in dunƙule ana yin shi da abubuwa masu laushi kamar simintin ƙarfe, kuma sassan zaren da aka sarrafa tare da kurakuran farar suna ƙasa a gaba kuma suna juyawa don inganta daidaiton farar.Zaren ciki mai taurin gaske kuma ana kawar da shi ta hanyar niƙa don inganta daidaito.
5. Tatsi da zare
Taɓa shine a yi amfani da ƙayyadaddun juzu'i don murƙushe fam ɗin cikin rami da aka riga aka hakowa akan kayan aikin don aiwatar da zaren ciki.Threading shine amfani da mutu don yanke zaren waje akan mashaya (ko bututu) kayan aiki.Daidaiton mashin ɗin bugun ko zaren ya dogara da daidaiton famfo ko mutu.Ko da yake akwai hanyoyi da yawa don sarrafa zaren ciki da waje, ƙananan ƙananan zaren ciki za a iya sarrafa su ta hanyar famfo.Ana iya yin taɗawa da zare da hannu, ko lathes, injin hakowa, injin buɗaɗɗe da na'urar zare.
Ka'idar zaren juya yankan yawa zaɓi
Tunda an ayyana farar (ko gubar) na zaren ta tsari, maɓalli don zaɓar adadin yankan lokacin juya zaren shine a tantance saurin sandal n da zurfin yankan ap.
1. Zaɓin saurin igiya
Dangane da tsarin da igiya ke jujjuya juyi na 1 kuma kayan aiki yana ciyar da jagorar 1 lokacin juya zaren, saurin ciyarwar lathe CNC lokacin juya zaren yana ƙaddara ta hanyar zaɓaɓɓen saurin igiya.Jagorar zaren da aka umarta a cikin toshe sarrafa zaren (filin zaren shine zaren farawa ɗaya), wanda yayi daidai da ƙimar ciyarwar vf wanda adadin ciyarwar f (mm/r) ke wakilta.
vf = nf (1)
Ana iya gani daga dabarar cewa ƙimar ciyarwar vf tana daidai da ƙimar ciyarwar f.Idan an zaɓi saurin igiya na kayan aikin injin ya yi girma sosai, ƙimar ciyarwar da aka canza dole ne ta wuce ƙimar abincin injin ɗin.Sabili da haka, lokacin da zabar saurin igiya don juyawa zaren, saitin sigar tsarin abinci da tsarin lantarki na kayan aikin injin ya kamata a yi la'akari da shi don guje wa sabon abu na "haƙoran haƙora" na zaren ko farar kusa da farkon farawa / ƙarshen. rashin biyan bukatun.
Bugu da ƙari, yana da kyau a lura cewa da zarar an fara sarrafa zaren, ƙimar saurin igiya gabaɗaya ba za a iya canza shi ba, kuma saurin spindle gami da na'urorin gamawa dole ne su bi ƙimar da aka zaɓa a farkon abinci.In ba haka ba, tsarin CNC zai sa zaren ya zama "hargitsi" saboda yawan "overshoot" na siginar bugun bugun bugun jini.
2) Zaɓin zurfin yanke
Tun da tsarin jujjuyawar zaren yana yin juyawa, ƙarfin kayan aiki ba shi da kyau, kuma yankan abinci yana da girma, kuma ƙarfin yankewa akan kayan aiki shima babba ne.Don haka, ana buƙatar sarrafa kayan abinci gabaɗaya, kuma an zaɓi zurfin yanke madaidaicin daidai gwargwadon yanayin raguwa.Tebu na 1 yana lissafin ƙimar ƙimar lokutan ciyarwa da zurfin yanke don yankan ma'aunin ma'auni na gama gari don bayanin masu karatu.
Tebur 1 Lokacin ciyarwa da zurfin yanke don yankan ma'auni na gama gari
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-10-2022